碳交易制度下企业低碳技术创新的激励研究

Research on Incentives of Enterprise Low-carbon Technology Innovation Based on Carbon Trading System

碳交易是实现“双碳”目标和驱动经济高质量发展的重要政策工具。文章研究了碳交易制度下,处于不完全竞争市场企业的低碳技术创新决策问题。通过构建市场势力差异下企业的低碳技术创新策略和末端治理策略选择随机演化博弈模型,分析随机干扰、创新成本和遵规成本对主导企业和边缘企业策略选择的影响。理论分析和仿真结果表明,市场势力影响环境规制的低碳技术创新效应;引入碳交易制度后,不同市场势力企业的低碳技术创新策略选择存在差异,主导企业更倾向低碳技术创新策略,创新成本对其策略选择的影响最明显;边缘企业在一定条件下偏向低碳技术创新策略,但容易因强随机干扰、高创新成本和高遵规成本而偏离;研发外溢为0.7的适度水平有利于激励边缘企业采用低碳技术创新策略。文章的研究结论为政府完善碳交易制度、制定企业低碳技术创新激励政策提供启示。

Carbon trading system has become an important policy tool to achieve the target of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality and drive high quality development.This paper studies the low-carbon technolo-gy innovation decision-making of enterprises when enterprises interact in imperfectly competitive market.Aim-ing at the strategic interaction between leading enterprises and marginal enterprises in low-carbon technology innovation and terminal treatment under the carbon trading system,a stochastic evolutionary game model is constructed to analyze the impact of random interference,innovation cost and compliance cost on the strategy selection of heterogeneous market power enterprises.The results show that market power affects the low-car-bon technology effect of environmental regulation.Specifically,there are differences in the innovation strategy selection of market power diverse enterprises after the introduction of carbon trading system.Leading enterpris-es are more inclined to low-carbon technology innovation strategy,and the impact of innovation cost on their strategy choices is most significant.Although marginal enterprises may prefer to low-carbon technology inno-vation strategy to some extent,it is easy to deviate due to strong random disturbance,high innovation cost and high compliance cost.Interestingly,moderate level of R&D spillover is conducive to encouraging marginal en-terprises to adopt low-carbon technology innovation strategy and the best R&D spillover level is 0.7.This paper provides implications for policy makers to perfect carbon trading system and formulate low-carbon innovation incentive policies.