MRI在肛管直肠瘘中的应用进展

Application Progress of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Anorectal Fistula

肛管直肠瘘是肛肠外科的常见病之一,治疗方法简单,但复发率较高,尽可能清除瘘管、内外口及脓肿有利于减少复发。与其他检查方法相比,磁共振成像(MRI)检查能够更准确地识别肛瘘的瘘管及内外口,为临床医生提供精确的瘘管走形信息及周围肌肉受损情况,以提高手术疗效,减少术后复发。近些年来,3D快速自旋回波序列(3D-SPACE)、影像组学、MRI造影、MRI联合三维重建及3D打印技术等在肛瘘中的应用也逐渐被学者们关注和研究。

Anorectal fistula is one of the common diseases in department of anus and intestine surgery.Although the therapeutic methods are simple,the recurrence rate is relatively high.Removing the fistula,internal and external openings,as well as associated abscesses as completely as possible is beneficial for reducing recurrence.Compared with other examination methods,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)can assess the fistula tract,internal openings and external openings.accurately.MRI provides accurate information about anatomy of the fistula and surrounding muscle damage to clinicians to improve surgical efficacy and reduce postoperative recurrence.In recent years,the application of 3D-SPACE technology,radiomics,contrast-enhanced MRI,MRI 3D reconstruction and MRI combined with 3D printing technology in anal fistula has gradually been paid attention to and studied by scholars.