下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量及影响因素分析

Quality of life and its influencing factors in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans

目的:分析下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量及影响因素,为改善患者生活质量提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2022年6月—11月重庆市某三级甲等医院下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者302例为调查对象,采用疼痛程度数字评分量表、生活自理能力评分量表和中文修订版外周动脉疾病生活质量量表评估其生活质量。应用SPSS22.0统计学软件,采用ANOVA方差分析及多元逐步回归分析等方法进行统计、分析。结果:下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量评分为(57.22±13.69)分。不同居住地、个人平均月收入、医疗费用支付方式、步行距离、疼痛分级、生活自理能力评定结果、吸烟年限患者的生活质量得分比较,差异具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,生活质量的3个影响因素为疼痛分级、生活自理能力评定结果、步行距离。结论:下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者总体生活质量差,其主要影响因素为疼痛、生活自理能力和步行距离。提示临床应加强对高危人群的早期筛查,早诊断、早治疗,从而改善下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量。

Objective:To investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.Methods:A total of 302 patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans in a tertiary Grade A hospital in Chongqing,from June to November 2022 were recruited by convenience sampling,and their quality of life was assessed by the Numeric Rating Scale(NRS),the Barthel Index(BI) and the revised Chinese version of the Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire.The SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to analyze data by ANOVA analysis of variance and multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results:Quality of life score of patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans was 57.22±13.69.There were significant differences in QOL scores among patients with different places of residence,average monthly income,payment method,walking distance,pain score,self-care ability and smoking years(P<0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis found pain grade,self-care ability,walking distance were related to quality of life.Conclusion:The overall quality of life of patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans is poor,and the main influencing factors are pain,self-care ability and walking distance.It suggests that early screening,early diagnosis,and early treatment should be strengthened to improve the quality of life of patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.