临床护士的专业生活品质现状及其影响因素

Status quo of professional life quality of clinical nurses and the infl uencing factors

目的 调查临床护士的专业生活品质现状并分析影响因素,为保障护士身心健康提供建议。方法选取2022年7—8月吉林省延吉市2所三级甲等综合性医院符合纳入条件的424名临床护士进行问卷调查。调查工具有一般资料调查表、专业生活品质量表、中文版知觉压力量表及护理工作环境量表。结果 临床护士专业生活品质,慈心满意处于中低水平者348名(82.07%),工作倦怠与二次创伤处于中高水平者分别占341名(80.42%)、331名(78.07%)。慈心满意的影响因素包括文化水平、平均月收入、知觉压力、护理工作环境,共解释总变异的57.1%;工作倦怠的影响因素为护龄、月夜班次数、职称、知觉压力、护理工作环境,共解释总变异的30.1%;二次创伤的影响因素为职称、知觉压力、护理工作环境,共解释总变异的28.9%。结论 多数护士的慈心满意程度处于中低水平,工作倦怠及二次创伤水平处于中高水平而亟待改善。建议护理管理者采取人性化管理,改善工作环境,降低工作压力,提高低文化水平、低职称、低收入、高月夜班次数护士的专业生活品质,保障其身心健康和护理服务质量。

Objective To investigate the status quo of professional life quality of clinical nurses and analyze the influencing factors,to provide suggestions for protecting the physical and mental health of nurses.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 424 clinical nurses who met the inclusion criteria in two Grade III Class A comprehensive hospitals in Yanji,Jilin from July to August 2022.Results 348(82.07%)of clinical nurses were satisfied with their professional quality of life,and 341(80.42%)and 331(78.07%)were satisfied with their work burnout and secondary trauma.The influencing factors of compassion satisfaction include education level,average monthly income,perceived stress,and nursing work environment,accounting for 57.1%of the total variation;the influencing factors of work burnout were age,number of monthly night shifts,job title,perceived stress,and nursing work environment,accounting for 30.1%of the total variation;the influencing factors of secondary trauma are job title,perceived stress,and nursing work environment,accounting for 28.9%of the total variation.Conclusion Most nurses were at a moderately low level of compassionate satisfaction,and the levels of job burnout and secondary trauma were at a moderately high level and need to be improved urgently.It is recommended that nursing managers adopt humanized management,improve the work environment,reduce work pressure,improve the professional quality of life of nurses with low education level,low title,low income,and high number of monthly night shifts,and ensure their physical and mental health and the quality of nursing services.