黄姑鱼属鱼类营养需求及其高效配合饲料研究进展

Research progress on nutrition requirement and high efficiency compound feed of Nibea

黄姑鱼属鱼类富含蛋白质、必需氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素和鱼鳔胶原蛋白,肉质细嫩,味道鲜美,营养价值极高。黄姑鱼属鱼类具有适应性广、生长快和抗逆性强等优点,是我国沿海重要的海水养殖鱼类之一。目前,国内外有关黄姑鱼属鱼类营养需求与饲料研究报道较多,但对不同生长阶段的精准营养及营养素和功能性添加剂的相互关系研究不够深入。黄姑鱼属鱼类养殖以切碎的冰鲜杂鱼为主,缺乏专用配合饲料,存在营养不平衡、品质不稳定和污染水质等缺点。文章综述了黄姑鱼属鱼类蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素和矿物质的需求量以及饲料蛋白源、脂肪源和添加剂的研究进展,旨在为黄姑鱼属鱼类精准营养需求的研究和高效环保饲料的研发提供参考依据,从而推动黄姑鱼属鱼类养殖业的健康可持续发展。

Nibea is rich in protein,essential amino acids,fatty acids,trace elements and swim bladder collagen.The meat is tender,delicious and has high nutritional value.Nibea also has the advantages of adaptability,rapid growth,and strong stress resistance,and is one of the important mariculture fish in the coastal areas of China.Currently there are a lot of reports on the nutritional requirements and feed of Nibea,but studies on its precise nutritional requirements at different growth stages and the relationship between nutrients and functional feed additives are still not thorough enough.The cultivation of Nibea is mainly based on chopped and fresh ice mixed fish,lacking specialized formulated feed,which has disadvantages such as nutritional imbalance,unstable quality,and water pollution.In this paper,the research progress of protein,fat,carbohydrate,vitamin,and mineral requirements as well as dietary protein sources,fat sources,and additives were reviewed in order to provide a reference for the study of precise nutritional requirements and the preparation of efficient and environmentally friendly compound feeds of Nibea,so as to promote the healthy and sustainable development of Nibea aquaculture industry.