数据生产要素的基础理论构建:新结构经济学视角

Data as a Factor of Production:From the Perspective of New Structural Economics

围绕数据生产要素基础理论建设的核心议题,系统阐述新结构经济学的研究视角和分析框架。新结构经济学强调以要素禀赋结构为核心的研究范式,将构建纳入数据生产要素的新型禀赋结构体系放在了起点位置,强调数据生产要素具有结构性特征;新结构经济学主张构建具有产业异质性的生产函数,进而下启微观企业动态、上承宏观结构转型,从多层次探讨数字经济时代下的生产理论体系以及数据生产要素对经济发展的贡献路径;“有为政府”应当从不同发展阶段的结构性特征出发,因势利导地提供硬的基础设施和软的制度安排,推动数据作为一种生产要素的价值转化。

Focusing on the core issue of how data serves the economy as a factor of production,this paper proposes the perspective and the analytical framework of New Structural Economics.First,New Struc⁃tural Economics emphasizes the research paradigm with factor endowment structure as the core,places the construction of new endowment structure system incorporating data as a factor of production as the starting point,and stresses on the fact that data has structural characteristics.Second,New Structural Economics advocates the construction of production functions with industrial heterogeneity as a link between the micro enterprise dynamics and the macro structure transformation,and explores from multiple levels the produc⁃tion theory system and the contribution path of data as a production factor to the economic development in the era of digital economy.Third,the“proactive government”should provide solid infrastructure and fa⁃cilitating institutional arrangements according to the structural characteristics of different development stages to promote the value transformation of data as a factor of production.