创意人力资本视角的大学公共艺术教育经济效应分析——基于文献的评述

On the Economic Effect of Public Arts Education from the Perspective of Creative Human Capital: A Literature Based Discussion

公共艺术教育作为高等教育的组成部分,对大学生的全面发展具有良好的促进作用,有助于培养创新精神,训练创新思维,开发创新潜力。从经济角度来看,经济发展带动艺术发展,艺术发展促进经济繁荣。因而,如何看待艺术教育的经济效应是教育工作者应该重视的重要课题。基于国外相关理论和研究,可以从微观与宏观、直接与间接两个层面分析公共艺术教育的经济效应及其传导机制,为公共艺术教育的经济效应分析构建一个系统的理论框架。研究认为,在微观层面,公共艺术教育作为一种创意人力资本投资,可通过认知效应、健康效应、情感行为效应和审美需求效应提升个体在创意经济时代的就业能力与文化艺术消费能力;在宏观层面,公共艺术教育不仅可以从供需两方面促进文化创意产业发展,还可通过促进科技与艺术的融合式创新、促进多样化人才的孵化集聚、改善人文社会环境,在加速创意人力资本实现收益的同时,释放消费潜力、加快产业升级、实现区域经济发展。加强高等学校的公共艺术教育,并重视公共艺术教育的经济效应,既是新时代高等教育发展的必然要求,也是推动经济高质量发展的全新探索。高校应充分理解和认识公共艺术教育的经济效应,加强顶层设计;创新公共艺术教育的内容和形式,形成公共艺术教育教学体系,让学生“走出去”;重视前沿多元的师资队伍建设,让师资“引进来”。

Public arts education,as an integral part of higher education,plays a pivotal role in the holistic development of university students.It cultivates innovative spirit,trains creative thinking,and unlocks in⁃novative potential.From an economic perspective,economic development propels artistic progress,which in turn,stimulates economic prosperity.Hence,the economic effects of arts education are a critical subject that educators should pay attention to.Drawing upon theories and research abroad,the economic effects of public arts education and its transmission mechanisms can be analyzed from both micro and macro perspectives,as well as from direct and indirect dimensions,thereby establishing a systematic theo⁃retical framework for analysis.At the micro-level,public arts education,as an investment in creative hu⁃man capital,can enhance individuals’employability and cultural arts consumption capacity in the creative economy era through cognitive effects,health care effects,affective-behavioral effects,and aesthetic de⁃mand effects.At the macro-level,public arts education can facilitate the development of the cultural and creative industries from both supply and demand sides.It can also unleash consumption potential,expedite industrial upgrading,and achieve regional economic development while accelerating the realization of re⁃turns on creative human capital by promoting integrative innovation between science and art,fostering the incubation of diverse talents,and improving the socio-cultural environment.Strengthening public arts edu⁃cation in higher education institutions to fully leverage its economic impact,is both a natural choice for the evolution of higher education in the new era and an entirely new exploration in driving high-quality eco⁃nomic development.Universities should fully understand and acknowledge the economic effects of public arts education and reinforce top-level design,innovate the content and form of public arts education so as to establish educational systems that encourage students to“go global”,and focus on building a diverse and cutting-edge faculty by“bringing in”expertise.