环境的历史变迁视域下美国生态文学三部经典的脉络研究

A Study on the Context of Three Classics of American Eco-literature From the Perspective of Historical Changes in Environment

《瓦尔登湖》《沙乡年鉴》《寂静的春天》是美国生态文学史上三部传记体经典作品,它们知名度高,影响广泛深远。三部作品的诞生背景分别处于美国南北战争前、大萧条之后、二战结束后三个历史时期。不同的历史背景下,生态环境状况发生了日益严重的恶化,生态环境的递退性促进了生态思想的递深性发展。文章从环境的历史变迁视角,研究三部作品的生态思想变迁及其启示。

Walden,A Sand County Almanac and Silent Spring are three biographical classics in the history of American eco-literature.They are well-known and have far-reaching influence.The birth backgrounds of the three works are in diverse historical periods in the United States:before the Civil War,after the Great Depression,and after the end of World War II.Under different historical background,the ecological condition has been deteriorating day by day,and the degeneration of ecological environment has promoted the development of ecological thoughts.This article studies the changes of ecological thoughts,as well as the enlightenment in the three works,from the perspective of historical transitions of environment.