新课标中核心素养对“双基”“三维目标”的继承与超越

The Inheritance and Transcendence of Core Literacy to“Double Base”and“Three-dimensional Objects”in the New Curriculum Standard

继承与超越是把握核心素养与“双基”“三维目标”关系的两个关键词。素养导向的新课标承认知识在教育中的基础性地位,各学科着重培育的核心素养普遍以中国学生发展核心素养为统率,以各学科知识和技能为基础。“三维目标”在拓展教育目标的全面性等方面超越“双基”,核心素养在将知识、技能、方法、情感等课程教学目标看作有机整体等方面进一步超越“双基”和“三维目标”,核心素养语境中的知识观和技能观在强调基于真实情境的应用与生成等方面较以往有了很大进步。聚焦核心素养,新时代课程教学改革应该在继承基础上超越,构建兼容“双基”与“三维目标”的核心素养结构模型,直观呈现三者的内在统一关系;合理定位聚焦核心素养的单元和课时教学目标,抓准教学设计的“牛鼻子”;基于多种教学方式的相辅相成培育核心素养,丰富课堂教学组织形式。

Inheritance and transcendence are the two key words to grasp the relationship between core literacy and“double base”and“three-dimensional objects”.The new literacy-oriented curriculum standard recognizes the fundamental position of knowledge in education,and the core literacy that each discipline focuses on cultivating is generally led by the development of core literacy of Chinese students,and is based on the knowledge and skills of each subject.The“three-dimensional objects”surpasses the“double base”in expanding the comprehensiveness of the educational goals,and the core literacy further surpasses the“double base”and“three-dimensional objects”in terms of treating the knowledge,skills,methods,emotions and other curriculum teaching objectives as an organic whole,and the knowledge and skill concepts in the context of core literacy have made great progress in emphasizing the application and generation based on real situations.Focusing on core literacy,the curriculum teaching reform in the new era should be surpassed on the basis of inheritance,and the core literacy structure model compatible with“double base”and“three-dimensional objects”should be constructed,and the internal unity of the three should be intuitively presented,and reasonable positioning focuses on the teaching objectives of core literacy units and class hours,and grasps the“bull's nose”of teaching design,and based on the complementarity of various teaching methods,cultivate core literacy and enrich the organizational form of classoom teaching.