低负荷抗阻训练改善老年高血压合并衰弱患者血压水平和衰弱状态的效果

Effect of low-load resistance training on improving blood pressure level and frailty state in elderly patients with hypertension combined with frailty

目的:观察低负荷抗阻训练改善老年高血压合并衰弱患者血压水平和衰弱状态的效果。方法:选取2021年11月-2022年11月收治的60例老年高血压合并衰弱患者,随机分为对照组和试验组各30例。对照组中男性14例,女性16例,平均年龄(84.23±8.02)岁;试验组中男性15例,女性15例,平均年龄(81.10±8.88)岁。两组均接受降压药物治疗及日常护理,对照组接受常规康复治疗,试验组接受常规康复治疗加低负荷抗阻训练,持续干预12周。用收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、脉压(PP)、握力(HG)、步速(WS)、起立-行走计时测试(TUGT)来评价患者的血压水平和衰弱状态。结果:治疗12周后,两组SBP及PP均低于治疗前,且试验组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组的HG及WS均高于治疗前,且试验组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组的TUGT均低于治疗前,且试验组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:低负荷抗阻训练能有效帮助降低老年高血压合并衰弱患者的收缩压,改善握力、步速及平衡能力,值得推广应用。

Objective:To observe the effect of low-load resistance training on improving blood pressure level and frailty state in elderly patients with hypertension combined with frailty.Methods:Sixty elderly patients with hypertension combined with frailty admitted to the hospital from November 2021 to November 2022 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group with 30 cases each.The control group had 14 male cases and 16 female cases and the average age was(84.23±8.02)years;the experimental group had 15 male cases and 15 female cases and the average age was(81.10±8.88)years.Both groups received antihypertensive drug treatment and daily nursing,the control group received routine rehabilitation treatment,and the experimental group received routine rehabilitation treatment plus low-load resistance training,and continued intervention for 12 weeks.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),pulse pressure(PP),handgrip strength(HG),walking speed(WS),and time up and go test(TUGT)were used before and after treatment to evaluate the patient’s blood pressure level and frailty state.Results:After 12 weeks of treatment,SBP and PP in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and those in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05);HG and WS in the two groups were higher than those before treatment and the experimental group was higher than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P>0.05);the TUGT of the two groups was lower than that before treatment,and the experimental group was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.005).Conclusion:Low-load resistance training can effectively help reduce SBP and improve HG,WS and balance ability in elderly patients with hypertension and frailty,which is worthy of promotion and application.