床旁即时超声在新生儿肺部疾病诊断中的应用研究

Application research of bedside real-time ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal pulmonary diseases

目的:探讨床旁即时超声在新生儿肺部疾病诊断中的应用。方法:纳入2021年1月—2023年1月江西省新余市妇幼保健院新生儿监护室收治的患肺部疾病新生儿89例,所有患儿均先后接受肺部床旁X线与床旁即时超声检查,比较两种检查方式对新生儿肺部疾病的检出率以及对不同类型新生儿肺部疾病的检出结果。以细菌学、影像学以及临床诊断等综合检查方式的确诊结果作为金标准,比较两种检查方式诊断不同类型新生儿肺部疾病的敏感性、特异性。结果:床旁即时超声对呼吸窘迫综合征、湿肺、气胸和新生儿感染性肺炎的检出率分别为94.12%、93.33%、100.00%、93.55%,总检出率为94.38%,均高于床旁X线的76.47%、60.00%、55.56%、70.97%和71.91%(P<0.05);敏感性分别为94.12%、93.33%、100.00%、93.55%,高于床旁X线的76.47%、60.00%、55.56%和70.97%(P<0.05);特异性分别为83.64%、79.73%、78.75%和79.31%,高于床旁X线的65.45%、59.46%、60.00%和62.07%(P<0.05)。结论:床旁即时超声诊断新生儿肺部疾病的效果优于肺部床旁X线,临床应用价值较高。

Objective:To investigate the application of bedside real-time ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal pulmonary diseases.Methods:A total of 89 neonates with pulmonary diseases admitted to the Neonatal Care Unit of Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Xinyu,Jiangxi Province from January 2021 to January 2023 were included,all the neonates received bedside X-ray examination and bedside ultrasound examination successively,and the detection rate of neonatal pulmonary diseases and the detection results of different types of neonatal pulmonary diseases were compared between the two examination methods.The diagnostic results of bacteriology,imaging and clinical diagnosis were used as the gold standard to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the two diagnostic methods for different types of neonatal pulmonary diseases.Results:The detection rates of respiratory distress syndrome,wet lung,pneumothorax and neonatal infectious pneumonia with bedside ultrasound were 94.12%,93.33%,100.00%and 93.55%,respectively,and the total detection rate was 94.38%,which were higher than 76.47%,60.00%,55.56%,70.97%and 71.91%with bedside X-rays,respectively(P<0.05);the sensitivities were 94.12%,93.33%,100.00%and 93.55%with bedside ultrasound,respectively,which were higher than 76.47%,60.00%,55.56%and 70.97%with bedside X-rays,respectively(P<0.05);the specificity was 83.64%,79.73%,78.75%and 79.31%with bedside ultrasound,respectively,which was higher than 65.45%,59.46%,60.00%and 62.07%with bedside X-rays,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion:The effect of bedside real-time ultrasound is better than that of bedside X-ray in the diagnosis of neonatal pulmonary diseases and has high clinical value.