大功率柴油机曲轴断裂原因分析与改进

Failure analysis of the crankshaft fracture on a high-power diesel engine

对不同原因所导致的曲轴断裂实例进行了分析,结果显示曲轴断裂形式均为疲劳断裂,结构与工艺不匹配、原材料夹杂物、加工制造缺陷、平键装配错误、减振器失效、主轴颈碾瓦是这些曲轴发生断裂的直接原因。在此基础上,对导致曲轴疲劳断裂的内在因素和外在因素进行了分析讨论,为制定改进措施、提高曲轴使用寿命和可靠性提供了依据。

An analysis is made on examples of crankshaft fracture caused by different reasons,and the results show that all the crankshaft failures result from fatigue fractures.The immediate causes of these crankshaft fractures include structural and process mismatch,raw material inclusions,manufacturing defects,flat key assembly errors,damper failure,and main journal seizure.On this basis,the internal and external factors leading to crankshaft fatigue fracture are analyzed and elaborated,which could provide a basis for formulating enhancement measures to improve crankshaft service life and reliability.