新型电力系统中异质调频机组分布式协同AGC方法研究

Distributed Collaborative AGC Method for Heterogeneous Frequency Regulation Units in New Power Systems

“双碳”目标的实施加速了新型电力系统发展。然而,新型电力系统的转动惯量和调节能力逐渐难以适应复杂多变的负荷变化。因此,开发更高效、更快速的调频资源参与自动发电控制(automatic generation control,AGC)已成为刻不容缓之事。但是,不同调频机组之间的异质性显著,包括机组模型、容量和响应速度的差异,这对AGC提出了挑战。为了提升异质调频资源参与AGC的性能,该文提出了一种分布式协同AGC方法。首先,基于分布式固定时间一致性理论提出了一种分布式固定时间区域控制偏差(area control error,ACE)发掘算法。随后,各AGC机组根据获取的ACE信息设计独立的PI控制器参与频率调节。在ACE调节的最后阶段,根据各机组出力的标幺值,设计了分布式固定时间功率均分控制器,控制低速AGC机组承担更多的功率调整量,从而释放高速AGC机组的容量并为下一轮AGC服务做好准备。通过对包含5种不同调频单元的两区域电力系统进行仿真研究,验证了所提分布式协同AGC方法的性能。结果表明,所提方法可以有效地提高系统的调频性能,且能够在设计的时间内实现期望的有功功率分配。

The goal of the"dual carbon"accelerates the rapid development of new power systems dominated by renewable energy sources.However,the inertia and regulation capability of new power systems are gradually becoming inadequate to cope with the complex and variable load changes.Therefore,it has become urgent to develop more efficient and faster frequency control resources.However,the heterogeneity among different frequency control units,including differences in unit models,capacities,and response speeds,challenges the Automatic Generation Control(AGC)of new power systems.To enhance the performance of AGC provided by heterogeneous frequency regulation resources,this paper proposes a novel distributed collaborative AGC method.Firstly,a distributed consensus-based area control error(ACE)discovery algorithm is proposed.Then,each of the frequency regulation units participates in the AGC by using independent PI controllers based on the obtained ACE information.In the final stage of the ACE regulation,a distributed fixed-time power-sharing controller is designed based on the per-unit output power of each unit,which frees up the capacity of the high-speed AGC units and prepares for the next round of AGC services by regulating the low-speed AGC units to take on more power regulation.The performance of the proposed distributed collaborative AGC method is validated through simulation studies on a two-area power system containing five different frequency control units.The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively improves the frequency control performance of the system and achieves the desired active power allocation within the designed time frame.