轨道交通用橡胶产品加速试验研究现状及发展趋势

Research status and development tendency of the accelerated test for rubberproducts on rail transit vehicles

轨道交通用橡胶产品受环境影响较大,容易失效,有必要研究其老化机理,并制定合适的加速试验验证方案以有效检出故障,并对橡胶产品的寿命进行准确预测。文章对轨道交通用橡胶制品的老化机理进行总结,介绍了疲劳老化、热氧老化、湿热老化、臭氧老化、低温老化等的作用机理和试验方法,并分析了现有的加速试验现状,指出现有的老化试验还处于单一应力谱研究阶段。结合军品试验开展思路,提出了自然应力谱的收集编制方法和加速试验谱的转化方法,并在此基础上提出未来数据收集与加速模型及其参数库建立的建议,为今后轨道交通用橡胶产品的加速试验研究及寿命预测提供参考。

Rubber products used in rail transit vehicles can easily fail due to the heavy environment influence,so it s necessary to study their aging mechanism and develop appropriate accelerated testing verification plans to effectively detect faults and precisely predict the lifespan of the rubber products.This paper summarizes the aging mechanism of the rubber products used in rail transit sector,introduces the mechanisms and testing methods of fatigue aging,thermo-oxidative aging,hygrothermal aging,ozone aging,low-temperature aging,and studies the current status of accelerated testing,implying that the existing aging testing is still in the single stress spectrum research phase.Inspired by a military product testing program,a method for collecting and compiling natural stress spectra and a method for converting accelerated test spectra are proposed.Based on this,suggestions on future data collection,acceleration models and their parameter database establishment are put forward,providing a reference for the accelerated test research and life prediction of rubber products on rail transit vehicles in the future.