亚砷酸诱导的老年急性早幼粒细胞白血病早期死亡分析

Analysis of Early Death in Elderly Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated with Arsenic Trioxide Induction

目的分析经单药亚砷酸(arsenic trioxide,ATO)诱导治疗的老年(年龄≥60岁)初发急性早幼粒细胞白血病(acute promyelocytic leukemia,APL)的早期死亡(early death,ED)发生情况及预测因素。方法收集连续收治的71例老年APL患者和456例年轻APL患者的临床资料。选取临床上可以快速获取的10个临床及实验室检测参数,采用χ^(2)检验及Logistic回归模型进行统计学分析。结果老年患者的ED率(22.5%,16/71)高于年轻患者(15.1%,69/456),但差异无统计学意义(P=0.115)。老年感染相关ED(8.5%)和血栓相关ED(2.3%)的发生率均显著高于年轻患者(分别为2.0%和0.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男性和白细胞计数>10×10^(9)/L是两组患者ED的共同独立风险因素,低白蛋白血症(P<0.001)和血清纤维蛋白原<1g/L(P=0.001)还是年轻患者ED的独立风险因素。结论单药ATO诱导治疗的老年APL患者的入院临床特征、ED发生情况及风险因素与年轻患者明显不同。因此,有必要对APL患者的ED情况进行年龄分层研究。

Objective To analyze the occurrence and predictive factors of early death(ED)in elderly(≥60 years old)patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL)induced by single-agent arsenic trioxide(ATO).Methods The clinical data of 71 consecutive elderly APL patients and 456 consecutive young APL patients were collected.Ten clinical and laboratory parameters,which could be obtained rapidly by clinicians were selected.Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results The ED rate in elderly patients(22.5%,16/71)was higher than that in young patients(15.1%,69/456),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.115).The incidence of infection-related ED(8.5%)and thrombosis-related ED(2.3%)in elderly patients was significantly higher than that in young patients(2.0%and 0.3%,respectively),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Peripheral white blood cell count>10×10^(9)/L and male were independent risk factors for ED in both the elderly and young patients.And hypoalbuminemia(P<0.001)and plasma fibrinogen<1g/L(P=0.001)were still independent risk factors for ED only in young patients.Conclusion When induced by single-agent ATO,the elderly APL patients were significantly different from the young patients in terms of clinical features,incidence and risk factors of ED.Therefore age-stratified study on ED in APL is necessary.