精神分析视角下《聊斋志异》文本新解

A New Interpretation of Strange Tales From a Chinese Studio From the Perspective of Psychoanalysis

《聊斋志异》作为中国文言小说发展历程中的一座高峰,历来受到学界的关注。有些学者从西方的精神分析视角来剖析这部短篇小说集的创作心理动因等,而重新从精神分析视角对该小说进行研究,不难发现,其中的故事情节和人物形象等还反映出了以下几个方面的内容:其一,人的两种“本能”,即“生的本能”与“死的本能”;其二,中华民族在长期的生活实践过程中积淀而形成的“集体无意识”;其三,“本我”“自我”和“超我”这三种不同的人格境界。

As a peak in the development of classical Chinese novels,Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio has always received attention from the academic community.Some scholars have analyzed the psychological motivations behind the creation of the short stories from the perspective of western psychoanalysis.However,when the novel is researched from a psychoanalytic perspective,it is not difficult to find that the plot and character images also reflect the following aspects:the two“instincts”of humans,namely the“instinct to live”and the“instinct to die”;Chinese people’s“collective unconsciousness”formed in the long-term practice;three different personality states:“id”,“ego”,and“superego”.