低碳政策下的冷链配送中心协作选址

Collaborative Site Selection of Cold Chain Distribution Centers under Low-carbon Policy

为了解决冷链物流网络交叉重复布局的问题,优化中小冷链物流企业资源配置,基于经济低碳发展理念,以总成本最小化为目标,通过在常温配送中心选址基础模型中加入冷链配送中心制冷成本与碳排放成本,构建了低碳政策下冷链配送中心的选址模型。并选取两家中小冷链物流企业进行算例仿真,仿真结果表明该模型能达到节约运营成本、货物流转成本、碳排放成本和制冷成本的效果,两家企业的总成本节约36.5%,运营成本节约34.6%,货物流转成本节约43.5%,碳排放成本节约48.5%,制冷成本节约36.3%。这表明构建的低碳政策下冷链配送中心的选址模型具有一定的科学性和合理性,可以优化各地区和各企业的冷链配送中心选址,对我国实现经济的绿色低碳发展具有重要意义。

With the development of economy,problems such as global warming and ecological environ⁃mental pollution have become increasingly more prominent,and green and low-carbon development has re⁃ceived worldwide attention.According to daily carbon emissions testing results using global real-time car⁃bon data,transportation is one of the top three sources of CO2 emissions.The logistics industry,as the main⁃stay of the transportation industry,is an inevitable choice for China's economy to achieve sustainable devel⁃opment by transforming to green and low-carbon development,and the construction of green and low-car⁃bon logistics network is the necessary means to realize the development of low-carbon logistics.Cold chain distribution center is an important node of the logistics network,and its layout is crucial to the implementation of green and low-carbon economic development.However,the regional distribution of cold chain distribution centers in China differs greatly at present.On the one hand,cold chain distribution centers in some areas are concentrated,even to the extent of redundant in some cases,resulting in waste of re⁃sources;on the other hand,cold storage in some areas is under-supplied,resulting in product overcrowded⁃ness,long handling time,and quality damage,among other problems.All these issues require the construction and expansion of a number of cold chain distribution centers in cities with large consumption scale and high logistics activity volume to improve the cold chain logistics net⁃work for sales areas.In order to solve the problem of redundant layout of cold chain logistics networks and optimize the re⁃source allocation of small and medium-sized cold chain logistics enterprises,based on the concept of lowcarbon economic development,considering the cooling cost and carbon emission cost of cold chain distribu⁃tion centers from a micro perspective,and aiming to minimize the total costs,we added the above two costs to the basic model of normal temperature distribution center site selection,and built the location model of cold chain distribution center under low-carbon policy.Also,we selected two small and medium-sized cold chain logistics enterprises for example simulation.The simulation result shows that the model constructed can save total costs,including operation cost,car⁃go circulation cost,carbon emission cost and cooling cost.The total cost of the two selected enterprises is lowered by 36.5%,more specifically,the operating cost by 34.6%,the cargo circulation cost by 43.5%,the carbon emission cost by 48.5%,and the cooling cost by 36.3%.Furthermore,the result indicates that the model is scientific and reasonable,and can optimize the site selection of cold chain distribution centers for en⁃terprises in various regions,which is of great significance for the realization of green and low-carbon eco⁃nomic development in China.