中国近代工程史研究的几点思考

Some Reflections on the Research of Modern History of Engineering in China

中国近代工程史研究具有重要意义,对其一些基本理论问题还需进一步探讨。本文尝试从其学科定位、历史分期、研究对象和研究视角等几个方面提出几点思考。工程史作为科学技术史的一个分支,其研究对象涵盖工程项目、成果、资料、组织、人员和教育等多个方面。中国近代工程史的时间跨度为1861年至1949年,可划分为萌芽期、草创期、开端期和发展期四个阶段,反映了中国从农业文明向工业文明转变的过程。研究视角可从全球史、文明史和革命史,旨在从多个维度揭示中国近代工程史的发展脉络和内在逻辑。通过抢救整理工程档案资料,开展行业或区域工程史研究,最终构建全面系统的中国近代工程史,以史为鉴,为实现现代化国家建设贡献力量。

The study of modern Chinese engineering history is of great significance,and its basic theoretical issues need further exploration.Engineering history belongs to the broad category of technological history and is subordinate to the secondary discipline of technological history in the discipline of science and technology history.The modern Chinese engineering history begins with the Anqing Inner Armament Establishment in 1861 and has gone through four historical periods:the embryonic stage,the initial stage,the beginning stage,and the development stage.The research content covers engineering projects,engineering achievements,engineering materials,engineering organizations,engineering personnel,and education.Studying from different perspectives of global history,civilization history,and revolutionary history can reveal multiple aspects of the development of engineering history.At the same time,the research objects of modern engineering history involve multiple levels,including specific projects of engineering practice,achievements obtained,preserved literature materials,and actual operational engineering organizations.In addition,the research perspective of modern engineering history can be expanded to global history,civilization history,and revolutionary history,revealing the interaction between engineering history development and social,cultural,political,and other factors.Through in-depth research,modern Chinese engineering history can provide historical references for modern engineering construction.