废弃羽毛再生角蛋白纤维的制备及其性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Regenerated Keratin Fibers from Waste Feathers

将废弃羽毛中的角蛋白通过半胱氨酸还原法提取出来,采用湿法纺丝的方法将其制成再生角蛋白纤维,研究牵伸倍数对再生角蛋白纤维性能的影响。采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、全自动单纱强力机、热重分析仪测试等,对再生角蛋白纤维的结构、形貌、力学性能、热稳定性能等进行研究。结果表明,随着牵伸倍数的提高,再生角蛋白纤维的直径从31.8μm降至16.8μm,皮芯结构逐渐消失,牵伸倍数至3倍时皮芯结构完全消失;再生角蛋白纤维中二硫键的含量逐步增加,即交联程度逐步提高;再生角蛋白纤维的断裂伸长率和断裂强度均先增加再减小,在2.5倍和3倍时达到峰值,分别为5.49%和0.61 cN·dtex^(-1),再生角蛋白纤维的热稳定性优于天然羽毛。

The keratin from waste feathers was extracted by cysteine reduction method,and regenerated keratin fiber was prepared by wet spinning method.The influence of draft multiple on the properties of regenerated keratin fiber was studied.The structure,morphology,mechanical properties and thermal stability of regenerated keratin fibers were studied by SDS-PAGE,FTIR-Raman,XRD,SEM,automatic single yarn strength machine and TGA.The results showed that the diameter of the regenerated keratin fibers decreased from 31.8μm to 16.8μm with the increase of the draftmultiple,the skin-core structure of the regenerated keratin fibers gradually disappeared,and the core structure of the regenerated keratin fibers completely disappeared when the draftmultiple increased to 3 times,and the content of disulfide bond in the regenerated keratin fibers gradually increased,that is,the degree of crosslinking gradually increased.The elongation at break and the breaking strength of the regenerated keratin fibers increased first and then decreased,and reached the peaks at 2.5 and 3 times,which were 5.49%and 0.61 cN·dtex^(-1),respectively.The thermal stability of the regenerated keratin fibers was better than that of natural feathers.