基于BIM技术深度策划的隧道掘进智能控制技术研究

Technical Research on Intelligent Control Technology for Tunnels Excavation Based on BIM Technology Deep Planning

为解决传统隧道铣挖法存在的截割作业工作环境恶劣、安全风险高、成隧质量差等问题,提出一种基于BIM和数字孪生技术深度策划的隧道掘进智能控制开挖方法。首先,通过地面综合物理探测构建隧道三维地质模型,导入隧道结构参数、设备模型、测量控制构件要素,生成基于BIM虚拟隧道掌子面场景;其次,运用BIM和数字孪生技术深度规划掘进机截割作业时截割部运动路径与轨迹,设计自动截割作业控制程序,并进行施工模拟碰撞,以提高模拟运算的准确性。结果表明,该方法解决了隧道铣挖法智能化、自动化施工水平低的问题,实现离机遥控操作自动截割作业;利用局域网和传感技术,解决高粉尘、低照度环境下掘进机截割部运动跟踪定位的难题,实现“人-机-环”全面感知;通过感知系统精确定位,跟踪测量掘进机和截割部的位姿,实现对掘进机的远程监测与控制;通过测控与传感器、计算机技术,能够精确地控制截割头位置,完成掘进断面截割自动成形;通过控制系统精确地控制,截割部运动控制精度达到±20 mm,从而有效提高隧道成形质量。

In order to solve the problems of poor working environment,high safety risk and poor tunnel quality of manual operation of roadheader by traditional tunnel milling method,an intelligent control excavation method of tunnel excavation based on BIM and digital twin technology was proposed.Firstly,the threedimensional geological model of the tunnel was constructed by comprehensive physical detection on the ground,and the tunnel structure parameters,equipment model and measurement control component elements were imported to generate a BIM-based virtual tunnel face scene.Secondly,the motion path and trajectory of the cutting part during the cutting operation of the roadheader were deeply planned by using BIM and digital twin technology,the automatic cutting operation control program was designed,and the construction simulation collision and optimization were carried out to improve the accuracy of the simulation operation.The results show that,the method solves the problem of low level of intelligent and automatic construction of tunnel milling method,and realizes the automatic cutting operation of remote control operation.Using local area network and sensing technology,the problem of motion tracking and positioning of roadheader cutting unit in high dust and low illumination environment is solved,and the comprehensive perception of human-machineenvironment is realized.Through the sensing system to accurately locate,track and measure the position and posture of the tunnel boring machine and the cutting part,the remote monitoring and control of the tunnel boring machine is realized.By measurement and control,sensors and computer technology,the position of the cutting head can be accurately controlled to complete the tunnel section.It can automatically shape and cut and the control system accurately controls the movement of the cutting part to achieve a control accuracy of±20 mm,which effectively improves the quality of tunnel forming.