基于余热梯次利用的氢能发动机系统设计

Design of Hydrogen Engine System Based on Waste Heat Ladder Utilization

氢燃料由于具有零二氧化碳排放、可治理NO_(X)等有毒气体的优点,尤其在氢能发动机与动力装置的研究领域内备受关注。但是,卡诺循环定义的燃料转换效率始终不能超过50%,与常规发动机存在较大距离。为此文章构建了一种集压缩室空气增压、内燃室氢气燃烧膨胀做功、膨胀室低品位余热能回收于一体的氢发动机系统,系统采用有机液态形式贮存氢的方法,基于氢内燃机建立高效的废热梯级利用体系,将高品质废热用于氢源脱氢,将中低品质废热进行朗肯循环,实现废热资源的梯级利用。该系统设计不仅具有重要的科学研究价值,而且在经济、环境和社会可持续发展等多个层面都具有深远的影响。

Hydrogen fuel has attracted much attention in the research field of hydrogen engines and power plants due to its advantages of zero carbon dioxide emissions and the ability to treat toxic gases such as NO_(X).However,the fuel conversion efficiency defined by the Carnot cycle cannot exceed 50%,which is a significant distance from conventional engines.For this purpose,the article constructs a hydrogen engine system that integrates compressed chamber air pressurization,internal combustion chamber hydrogen combustion expansion work,and low-grade waste heat energy recovery in the expansion chamber.The system adopts the method of storing hydrogen in organic liquid form,and establishes an efficient waste heat cascade utilization system based on the hydrogen internal combustion engine.High quality waste heat is used for hydrogen source dehydrogenation,and medium and low quality waste heat is subjected to Rankine cycle to achieve the cascade utilization of waste heat resources.The design of this system not only has important scientific research value,but also has profound impacts on multiple aspects such as economic,environmental,and social sustainable development.