基于能量流分析的低温能耗研究

Study on Energy Consumption at Low Temperature Based on Engery Flow Analysis

为研究低温环境下导致电耗恶化的主要因素,文章通过整车能量流分析方法,测试了常温(23℃)和低温(-7℃)环境下中国乘用车行驶工况(CLTC-P)各个部件能量消耗。测试结果表明,低温和常温的主要能耗差异部件为电驱、压缩机、低压风扇、鼓风机、水泵等。其中压缩机和电驱消耗增加占比较大,所以重点剖析低温电驱恶化的原因,理论分析电驱低温能耗恶化的原因为低温底盘阻力恶化、低温电驱润滑油粘度增加、电机效率恶化等。为了验证润滑油温对电驱电耗的影响,通过电驱水泵流量控制电驱油温,在不同油温下进行低温CLTC-P工况电耗测试。为了验证低温电驱余热通热泵系统和自加热电驱油温这两个方案的能耗差异,实验过程中同时记录电驱电耗和压缩机电耗以及电驱油温,实验结果表明电驱余热自加热油温总电耗更优。

In order to study the main factors leading to the deterioration of power consumption under low temperature environment,the energy consumption of various components of China light-duty vehicle test cycle passenger car(CLTC-P)under normal temperature(23℃)and low temperature(-7℃)is measured by the energy flow analysis method of the vehicle.The test results show that the main components of energy consumption difference between low temperature and normal temperature are electric drive,compressor,low pressure fan,blower,water pump,etc.The increase of compressor and electric drive consumption accounts for a large proportion,so the focus is on analyzing the reasons for the deterioration of low-temperature electric drive,and the theoretical analysis of the reasons for the deterioration of low-temperature electric drive energy consumption are the deterioration of low-temperature chassis resistance,the increase of low-temperature electric drive lubricating oil viscosity,and the deterioration of motor efficiency.In order to verify the influence of lubricating oil temperature on electric drive power consumption,the electric drive oil temperature is controlled by the flow rate of electric drive pump,and the power consumption is tested under low temperature CLTC-P condition.In order to verify the energy consumption difference between the low temperature electric drive waste heat pump system and self-heating electric drive oil temperature,the electric drive power consumption,compressor power consumption and electric drive oil temperature are recorded simultaneously during the experiment.The experimental results show that the total power consumption of electric drive waste heat self-heating oil temperature is better.