不同碳氮比典型食品废弃物对黑水虻生长发育的影响

Effects of different C/N ratios of typical food waste on the growth and development of black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)

黑水虻处理餐厨垃圾是当前食品废弃物处理领域的热点,但存在对不同食品废弃物的处理效率差异大的问题。本研究以豆渣、餐厨垃圾和菌渣3种常见的食品废弃物作为食物源,考察不同碳氮比(C/N)值(5.00、10.00和15.00)对黑水虻幼虫体长、体质量及生物转化率等生长指标的影响。结果表明:黑水虻在不同C/N的饲料中的生长速率不同,由高至低依次为餐厨垃圾、豆渣和菌渣,幼虫喂养10 d后的平均体长分别为2.06、1.93和1.82 cm,平均体质量分别为75.0、54.2和42.1 mg,生物转化率分别为14.89%、13.11%和4.15%。当饲料的C/N值为10.00时,有利于黑水虻的高效生长和生物转化。当将菌渣和豆渣以质量比2∶8混合喂养(C/N值为10.04)时,黑水虻的生物转化率提高至15.81%。可见,调节饲料C/N值以提高黑水虻对食品废弃物的生物转化率是一条可行的研究路径。

The treatment of kitchen waste by black soldier fly is a hot research topic in the field of food waste treatment,but the corresponding efficiency varies greatly with different food wastes.Herein we explored the effects of different C/N ratios with three common food wastes(soybean residues,kitchen waste,and spent mushroom substrate,with C/N ratios of 5.00,10.00,and 15.00,respectively)on the body length,weight,and bioconversion rate of black soldier fly larvae.Our studies showed higher C/N ratio led to lower growth rate of black soldier fly.Regarding the above three food wastes,the average body length of larvae was 2.06,1.93 and 1.82 cm,the average body weight was 75.0,54.2 and 42.1 mg,and the bioconversion rates were 14.89%,13.11%and 4.15%,respectively.When the spent mushroon substrate any soybeen residue were mixed in mass ratio of 2∶8(C/N ratio of 10.04),the bioconversion rate of the black soldier fly increased to 15.81%.It can be seen that adjusting feed C/N ratio to improve the biological conversion rate of black soldier fly to food waste was a feasible research path.