南宁盛产期资阳香橙砧沃柑生物量及矿质元素累积特征

Biomass and mineral elements accumulation characteristics of Orah on Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock in Nanning during high production period

通过研究果实成熟期树体矿质元素积累与养分分配规律,可明确树体矿质养分需求,为“以果定肥”提供科学依据,从而实现养分的数字化管理。在南宁一个管理水平较高、中高产量的沃柑园中,于果实成熟期随机选择3株5年生资阳香橙砧沃柑植株进行挖掘和解剖取样,对不同器官的生物量和矿质元素进行测定分析。结果表明:沃柑平均单株鲜果产量为75.90 kg,占全株鲜质量的63.88%。根系、枝干、叶片和果实干质量分别占植株总干质量的13.31%、39.23%、13.74%和33.72%。从同一元素在不同植物器官中的含量(以干质量计)来看,叶片中N、Ca、Mg、S、Mn、Cu、Zn和B含量最高,根系中P和Fe含量最高,果实中K含量最高。按每株果实产量50 kg计,采收果实带走N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn和B的量分别为80.84 g、8.29 g、72.91 g、30.79 g、4.82 g、3.50 g、218.75 mg、35.21 mg、41.87 mg、35.99 mg和91.42 mg,分别占树体相应元素总量的31.36%、38.96%、57.87%、9.04%、31.74%、22.20%、12.99%、14.64%、15.07%、25.78%和19.03%。研究探明了沃柑果实养分携出量以及果实养分分配系数,可为沃柑养分需求决策和优化施肥提供依据。

By studying the regulation of mineral elements accumulation and nutrient distribution in the tree during fruit ripening,the demand for mineral nutrients from tree can be clarified,providing scientific basis for'determining fertilizer based on fruit'and achieving digital management of nutrients.In a well managed and high-yield Orah orchard in Nanning,three 5-year-old Orah/Ziyang Xiangcheng plants were randomly selected during the fruit ripening period for anatomical sampling to determine and analyze the biomass and mineral elements of different organs.The results showed that the average fresh fruit yield of single plant was 75.90 kg,accounting for 63.88%of the total fresh weight of plant.The dry weight of roots,branches,leaves,and fruits accounted for 13.31%,39.23%,13.74%,and 33.72%of the total dry weight of plants,respectively.In terms of the content of the same element in different plant organs(measured by dry mass),the content of N,Ca,Mg,S,Mn,Cu,Zn,and B was the highest in leaves,the content of P and Fe was the highest in roots,and the content of K was the highest in fruits.Based on a fruit yield of 50 kg per plant,the amount of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,and B taking away by the harvest of fruit was 80.84 g,8.29 g,72.91 g,30.79 g,4.82 g,3.50 g,218.75 mg,35.21 mg,41.87mg,35.99 mg,and 91.42 mg,respectively,accounting for 31.36%,38.96%,57.87%,9.04%,31.74%,22.20%,12.99%,14.64%,15.07%,25.78%,and 19.03%of the total amount of corresponding element in the tree,respectively.The study has revealed the nutrient carrying capacity and nutrient distribution coefficient of the Orah fruit,which can provide a basis for nutrient demand decision-making and optimizing fertilization for Orah.