乌苏里江饶河段鱼类的早期资源及其产卵场位置推测

Early Fish Resources and Their Spawning Grounds in the Raohe Section of the Wusuli River

为了科学地评估乌苏里江饶河段鱼类早期资源状况,了解现存鱼类的繁殖规模和产卵场位置,于2017年6月至8月,对乌苏里江饶河段开展了鱼类早期资源调查及环境监测。研究结果表明,调查期间共采集到鱼卵22977粒,共鉴定出2目3科11属11种,其中包括鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)和翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)等重要经济鱼类;鱼卵平均密度为0.2635 ind./m^(3),6月15日密度最高,为2.116 ind./m^(3);根据调查结果,推测乌苏里江饶河段调查点上游4~120 km范围内存在2处鲢产卵场,受精卵发生量约为1.2×10^(8)粒,20~90 km范围内存在3处翘嘴鲌产卵场,受精卵发生量约为3.3×10^(8)粒;典范对应分析结果显示,对鱼卵密度影响较大的环境因子为水体透明度和水温,银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)、银鮈(Squalidus argentatus)、突吻鮈(Rostrogobio amurensis)、潘氏鳅鮀(Gobiobotia pappenheimi)、花斑副沙鳅(Parabotia fasciata)等鱼卵密度与水温显著正相关(p<0.05),与溶解氧含量和透明度显著负相关(p<0.05);贝氏?(Hemiculter leucisculus)鱼卵密度与透明度显著正相关(p<0.05)。

In order to scientifically assess the early resources of fish in the Raohe reach of the Wusuli River and understand the breeding scale and spawning site position of existing fish,the early fish resources survey and environmental monitoring were carried out in the Raohe reach of the Wusuli River from June to August 2017The results of the study show that,a total of 22977 fish eggs were collected during the survey period,a tota of 11 genera and 11 species.These include silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Culter alburnus other important economic fish.The average density of fish eggs was 0.2635 ind./m^(3).The highest density was observed on June 15th for 2.116 ind./m^(3).Based on the results of the survey,it is speculated that there are two silver carp spawning fields within 4 to 120 km upstream of the survey points of Wusuli River,the amount of fertilized exogenesis was about 1.2×10^(8)grains.Within 20 to 90 km,the amount of fertilized egg occurrence was about 3.3×10^(8).The results of Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA)showed that transparency and water temperature had a significant impact on the density of fish eggs.The density of fish eggs,such as Carassius auratus gibelio,Squalidus argentatus,Rostrogobio amurensis,Gobiobotia pappenheimi,and Parabotia fasciatus,was positively correlated with water temperature(p<0.05),but negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen and transparency(p<0.05).There is a significant positive correlation between Hemiculter bleekeri and transparency.