膳食模式与育龄人群性功能的关联研究

Association between dietary patterns and sexual function in people of childbearing age

目的分析膳食模式与育龄人群性功能的关联。方法本研究为横断面研究,纳入2020年12月至2022年3月期间在安徽省马鞍山市妇幼保健院生殖中心、中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第901医院生殖中心和安徽皖北煤电集团总医院生殖中心就诊的所有女性和男性作为研究对象,通过女性性功能指数(Female Sexual Function Index,FSFI)和国际勃起功能指数-15(International Index of Erectile Function-15,IIEF-15)问卷评估性功能,采用因子分析建立膳食模式,采用多因素logistic回归分析膳食模式与性功能的相关性。结果研究共纳入1290例女性、1331例男性,其中女性性功能障碍者1031例,男性性功能障碍者899例,均衡型膳食模式为主的女性289例、男性272例,传统型膳食模式为主的女性473例、男性395例,加工型膳食模式为主的女性272例、男性324例,饮料型膳食模式为主的女性256例、男性340例。调整居住地、年龄等混杂因素后发现,均衡型膳食模式与女性性欲障碍(OR=0.904,95%CI:0.820~0.995,P=0.039)、性唤起障碍(OR=0.840,95%CI:0.759~0.929,P=0.001)、阴道润滑障碍(OR=0.833,95%CI:0.710~0.979,P=0.026)、性高潮障碍(OR=0.764,95%CI:0.680~0.858,P<0.001)、性满意度低(OR=0.887,95%CI:0.796~0.987,P=0.028)、性功能障碍(OR=0.805,95%CI:0.714~0.907,P<0.001)和男性性高潮障碍(OR=0.859,95%CI:0.763~0.967,P=0.012)呈负相关;传统型膳食模式与女性性欲障碍(OR=0.879,95%CI:0.786~0.983,P=0.024)、性唤起障碍(OR=0.884,95%CI:0.784~0.995,P=0.042)和男性勃起功能障碍(OR=0.736,95%CI:0.634~0.855,P<0.001)、性欲障碍(OR=0.753,95%CI:0.648~0.876,P<0.001)、性功能障碍(OR=0.769,95%CI:0.653~0.907,P=0.020)呈负相关;加工型膳食模式与男性勃起功能障碍(OR=1.162,95%CI:1.049~1.287,P=0.004)、性高潮障碍(OR=1.207,95%CI:1.091~1.337,P<0.001)、性欲障碍(OR=1.199,95%CI:1.081~1.330,P=0.001)、性功能障碍(OR=1.134,95%CI:1.020~1.261,P=0.002)呈正相关;饮料型膳食模式与男女性功能障碍无关(均P>0.05)。结论均衡型、传统型膳食模式与育龄女性和男性性功能障碍的风险降低相关,加工型膳食模式与育龄男性性功障碍的风险增加相关。

Objective To explore the relationship between dietary pattern and sexual function in people of childbearing age.Methods This study adopted a cross-sectional method and included all women and men who visited Reproduction Center of Maanshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Reproductive Medicine Center of the 901th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army and Reproduction Center of Anhui Wanbei Coal Power Group General Hospital from December 2020 to March 2022.The Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI)and International Index of Erectile Function-15(IIEF-15)were used to assess sexual function.Factor analysis was used to establish dietary patterns,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between dietary patterns and sexual function.Results A total of 1290 females and 1331 males were included in the study,including 1031 females and 899 males with sexual dysfunction.There were 289 women and 272 men with balanced dietary pattern,473 women and 395 men with traditional dietary pattern,272 women and 324 men with processed dietary pattern,and 256 women and 340 men with beverage dietary pattern.After adjusting for confounding factors such as residence and age,it was found that balanced dietary pattern was negatively correated with female sexual desire disorder(OR=0.904,95%CI:0.820-0.995,P=0.039),sexual arousal disorder(OR=0.840,95%CI:0.759-0.929,P=0.001),vaginal lubrication disorder(OR=0.833,95%CI:0.710-0.979,P=0.026),orgasmic disorder(OR=0.764,95%CI:0.680-0.858,P<0.001),low sexual satisfaction(OR=0.887,95%CI:0.796-0.987,P=0.028),sexual dysfunction(OR=0.805,95%CI:0.714-0.907,P<0.001),and male orgasmic disorder(OR=0.859,95%CI:0.763-0.967,P=0.012).The traditional dietary pattern was negatively correlated with female sexual desire disorder(OR=0.879,95%CI:0.786-0.983,P=0.024),sexual arousal disorder(OR=0.884,95%CI:0.784-0.995,P=0.042),male erectile disorder(OR=0.736,95%CI:0.634-0.855,P<0.001),sexual desire disorder(OR=0.753,95%CI:0.648-0.876,P<0.001),and sexual dysfunction(OR=0.769,95%CI:0.653-0.907,P=0.020).The processed dietary pattern was positively correlated with erectile disorder(OR=1.162,95%CI:1.049-1.287,P=0.004),orgasmic dysfunction(OR=1.207,95%CI:1.091-1.337,P<0.001),sexual desire disorder(OR=1.199,95%CI:1.081-1.330,P=0.001)and sexual dysfunction(OR=1.134,95%CI:1.020-1.261,P=0.002).Beverage dietary pattern was not associated with sexual dysfunction in men and women(all P>0.05).Conclusion Balanced,traditional dietary patterns were related to the reduce risk of sexual dysfunction in both women and men of childbearing age,while processed dietary patterns were related to the increased risk of sexual dysfunction in men of childbearing age.