液态农用酵素及其不同组分对原生和农田土壤的改良效果

Improvement effects of liquid agricultural Jiaosu and its different components on native and arable soils

为探索液态农用酵素及其不同组分对原生和农田土壤的改良效果,通过离心分离液态农用酵素,得到上清液和酵素菌液。利用土壤室内培养法,以无菌水(CK)为对照,分别用上清液(T1)、酵素菌液(T2)、液态农用酵素(T3)处理原生和农田土壤,从土壤团聚体、酶活性、理化性质、微生物方面评估不同处理对2种土壤的改良效果。结果表明:1)与CK相比,T1和T3处理下,第14天原生土壤蔗糖酶活性分别显著增加了501.67%和2 173.5%(P<0.05),第21天农田土壤蔗糖酶活性分别显著增加了896.5%和1 484.49%(P<0.05)。2)T1处理下原生土壤和T3处理下农田土壤的pH分别从6.75和6.8(第0天)增加至7.49和6.94(第28天);与CK相比,第21天,T3处理下农田土壤电导率显著增加了10.13%(P<0.05),第28天,T3处理下原生土壤电导率显著增加了29.68%(P<0.05)。3)与CK相比,T2处理下原生土壤的放线菌和农田土壤的细菌数量分别显著增加了415.71%和1137.84%(P<0.05);T1处理下农田土壤的放线菌数量显著增加了81.69%(P<0.05);T3处理下原生土壤的真菌数量显著增加了44.44%(P<0.05)。4)与CK相比,原生土壤在T1、T2和T3处理下>2.00 mm粒级团聚体分别显著增加了35.25%、39.80%和35.77%(P<0.05);T1处理下农田土壤中0.30~1.00 mm粒级团聚体显著增加了77.65%(P<0.05);T2处理下原生土壤的土壤团聚体平均质量直径MWD和土壤几何平均直径GMD分别显著增加了17.38%和22.55%(P<0.05)。5)液态农用酵素中对原生和农田土壤起到改良作用的主要是其上清液。6)电导率与土壤脲酶活性呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与土壤蔗糖酶活性呈极显著正相关(P<0.001);pH与MWD和GMD呈极显著正相关(P<0.001)。综上,液态农用酵素能够快速激活原生和农田土壤,提高土壤酶活性和团聚体稳定性,其中酵素中的上清液发挥了主要作用。

In order to explore the improvement effects of liquid agricultural Jiaosu and its different components on native soil and arable soil,liquid agricultural Jiaosu were separated by centrifugation and the supernatant and enzyme bacterial solution were obtained.Using soil indoor cultivation method,sterile water(CK)as the control,native soil and arable soi were treated with the supernatant of Jiaosu(T1),microorganism solution of Jiaosu(T2)and liquid agricultural Jiaosu(T3),respectively.The improvement effects of the different treatments on the two soils were evaluated in terms of soil aggregates,enzyme activities,physical and chemical properties and microorganisms.The results showed that:1)Compared with CK,sucrase activity of negative soil was significantly increased by 501.67%and 2173.5%(P<0.05)on day 14 under T1 and T3 treatments,and the sucrase activity of arable soil was significantly increased by 896.5%and 1484.49%on day 21,respectively(P<0.05).2)The pH of native soil under T1 treatment and arable soil under T3 treatment increased from 6.75 and 6.8(day 0)to 7.49 and 6.94(day 28),respectively.Compared with CK,the conductivity of arable soil under T3 treatments was significantly increased by 10.13%(P<0.05)on day 21,and the conductivity of negative soil under T3 treatment was significantly increased by 29.68%(P<0.05)on day 28.3)Compared to CK,the actinomycetes of negative soil and bacteria of arable soil under T2 treatment significantly increased by 415.71%and 1137.84%,respectively(P<0.05).The actinomycetes of arable soil under T1 treatment significantly increased by 81.69%(P<0.05),and the number of fungi in the native soil under T3 treatment significantly increased by 44.44%(P<0.05).4)Compared with CK,the number of aggregates more than 2 mm grain size in the native soil significantly increased by 35.25%,39.80%and 35.77%under T1,T2,and T3 treatment,respectively(P<0.05).The number of fungi in the arable soil under T1 treatment ranged 0.3 to 1 mm particle-size aggregates increased significantly by 77.65%(P<0.05).The average mass diameter of soil aggregates MWD and geometric mean diameter of soil GMD of native soil under T2 treatment increased significantly by 17.38%and 22.55%,respectively(P<0.05).5)The supernatant of liquid agricultural Jiaosu played an important role in the native soil and arable soil.6)The conductivity was significantly and positively correlated with soil urease(P<0.05)and soil sucrase activity(P<0.001),and pH was significantly and positively correlated with MWD and GMD(P<0.001).In conclusion,liquid agricultural enzymes can rapidly activate native and arable soils and improve soil enzyme activity and agglomerate stability,and its supernatant plays a major role.