流动儿童转学经历、学校适应与学业表现相关性分析——基于中国教育追踪调查基线数据的实证研究

Analysis of the Correlation Between the Transfer Experience,School Adaptation,and Academic Performance of Migrant Children——An Empirical Study Based on the Baseline Data of the China Education Panel Survey

在城市化进程不断推进的背景下,因父母工作变动等原因导致流动儿童转学现象日益频繁。文章基于CEPS调查数据,对流动儿童的转学经历和学校适应对学业表现的影响路径进行分析,并对学界分歧的原因进行验证,结果发现:流动儿童转学主要是因父母工作变动造成的被动转学,因转学流动而造成的“教育洼地”较难形成;学校适应在转学和学业表现之间起中介调节作用,会增强转学对学业的正向影响;转学对学业的影响因转学原因不同存在异质性,主动转学对学业表现存在正影响,而被动转学则主要起负向作用,但因父母工作变动造成的被动转学则对学业起正向作用,这意味着“与父母在一起”对学业的正影响超越了转学带来的负影响。

In the context of continuous urbanization,the phenomenon of migrant children changing schools due to parental job changes and other reasons is becoming increasingly common.Based on CEPS survey data,this paper analyzes the influence of school transfer and school adaptation on the academic performance of migrant children,and verifies the reasons for the disagreement among researchers.The results show that:school transfer of migrant children is mainly a passive one due to parental job changes,making it difficult to form an“educational marshland”resulted from transfer mobility;school adaptation mediates the relationship between school transfer and academic performance,and enhances the positive academic impact of school transfer on academic performance;the impact of school transfer on academic performance varies depending on the reasons for the transfer,active transfers having a positive impact and passive transfers having a predominantly negative impact on academic performance.However,passive transfers due to parental job changes have a positive effect on academic performance,which means that the positive effect of“being with parents” outweighs the negative effect of school transfer school on academic performance.