住院新生儿母乳喂养全流程信息化质量管理方案的构建与应用

Construction and application of a quality control information system for the entire process of neonatal breastfeeding in hospital

目的构建住院新生儿母乳喂养全流程信息化质量管理方案,评价其应用效果。方法基于《住院新生儿母乳喂养循证指南》,结合临床实际,应用危害分析和关键控制点方法,构建住院新生儿母乳喂养全流程信息化质量管理方案。该方案包括医嘱开具提示、知识考核、母乳院外管理、母乳库存提醒、喂养情况记录等内容。比较方案应用前2021年6月—8月与应用后2022年6月—8月温州市某三级甲等医院住院新生儿纯母乳喂养率、母乳质量合格率、不良事件发生率。结果该管理方案实施后,住院新生儿纯母乳喂养率由15.12%上升至28.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.170,P=0.041);母乳质量合格率由68.44%上升至96.79%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=531.853,P<0.001);不良事件发生率由5.81%降至0,差异有统计学意义(P=0.026)。结论应用住院新生儿母乳喂养全流程信息化质量管理方案可准确识别风险并预警防范,规范母乳院外管理,提高母乳质量合格率和纯母乳喂养率,减少母乳喂养不良事件,保证母乳喂养的有效性和安全性。

Objective To construct a quality control information system for the entire process of neonatal breastfeeding and evaluate its application effect.Methods Based on the“evidence-based guidelines for breastfeeding of inpatient newborns”and combined with clinical practice,hazard analysis and critical control point methods were applied to construct a quality control information system for the entire breastfeeding process,which includes medical order reminder module,knowledge assessment module,breast milk outside the hospital management module,breast milk inventory reminder module,and adverse feeding record module.The pure breastfeeding rate,qualified rate of breast milk quality,and incidence of adverse events of hospitalized newborns before the application of the system(June and August 2021)and after the application of the system(June and August 2022)were compared.Results After the implementation of the system,the pure breastfeeding rate of hospitalized newborns increased from 15.12% to 28.05%,with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=4.170,P=0.041).The qualified rate of breast milk quality increased from 68.44%to 96.79%,with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=531.853,P<0.001).The incidence of adverse events decreased from 5.81%to 0,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.026).Conclusion The quality control information system for the entire process of breastfeeding accurately identified risks and warning signs against them,standardized the management of breast milk outside the hospital,improved the qualification rate of breast milk quality and pure breastfeeding rate,reduced adverse events of breastfeeding,and ensured the effectiveness and safety of breastfeeding.