我国中小学校评价发展的特征、问题与路向

The Characteristics,Problems and Direction of the Development of Chinese Primary and Secondary School Evaluation

中小学校评价作为教育治理的重要环节,是学校改革的关键突破点,亦是教育高质量发展的保障。在我国中小学校评价全面实施的过程中,评价理念从效率优先转向强调质量、评价话语从分散模糊转向科学规范、评价内容从松散单一转向系统多元、评价机制从凝闭独白转向开放对话。为更加有效推进中小学校评价高质量发展,破除“唯分数”“唯升学”等限制性导向,应高度重视评价中的价值偏差、主体失衡、关系缺位、方法阻隔等关键问题,在价值论上持守“人本”底色、提倡价值“多维”,在主体论上凸显“治理”实效、推进“实质性参与”,在关系论上迈向“关系”联通、弥合互动间隙,在方法论上助推深度融合、实现数字“赋能”。

As an important link of education governance, the evaluation of primary and secondary schools is the key breakthrough point of school reform and the guarantee of high-quality education development. In the process the comprehensive implementation of the evaluation of primary and secondary schools in China, the evaluation concept has changed from efficiency priority to quality emphasis, the evaluation discourse has changed from diffuse ambiguity to scientific norms, the evaluation content has changed from being loose and single to being systematic and multiple, and the evaluation mechanism has changed from closed monologue to open dialogue. In order to more effectively promote the high-quality development of evaluation in primary and secondary schools, and break the restrictive orientation of“only grades”and“only advancement”, we should attach great importance to the key problems such as value deviation, subject imbalance, lack of relationship, and method barrier in the evaluation, and adhere to the“people-oriented”basis in the value theory, advocate the“multidimensional”value, and highlight the effectiveness of“governance”and promote“substantive participation”in the subject theory. In relation theory, we will move towards“relationship”connectivity, bridge the gap between interactions, and promote deep integration so as to achieve digital“empowerment”in methodology.