丙酮酸激酶肌异构体2调控免疫细胞代谢的研究进展

A review on pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2-mediated metabolic regulation of immune cell

丙酮酸激酶肌异构体2(pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2,PKM2)是糖酵解的关键限速酶,也是免疫细胞代谢的重要调节因子。PKM2已被证明在多种炎症性疾病中过表达,并促进免疫细胞和炎症细胞的代谢和生物大分子的合成。PKM2的表达转变且激发了科研工作者对PKM2在免疫细胞中的作用机制和在炎症性疾病中治疗潜力的研究方向。此外,PKM2的结构和功能受一些激活剂和抑制剂的影响,研究人员揭示了PKM2的小分子激活剂和抑制剂的具体作用机制。免疫代谢重编程在炎症的发生、发展中起着至关重要的作用,因此,有必要明确PKM2在免疫代谢重编程中的作用。现就PKM2在不同免疫细胞中的作用,以及PKM2在免疫代谢重编程中的分子机制作一综述,期望有助于研究人员更好地了解PKM2的分子机制,从而帮助临床医生制定治疗策略。

Pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2(PKM2)is a key rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis pathway and an important regulator of immune cell metabolism, which has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of inflammatory diseases and to promote metabolism and synthesis of biomacromolecules in immune and inflammatory cells. The shift in PKM2 expression has stimulated research interests on the function of PKM2,its mechanism of action in immune cells and its therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases. In addition, the structure and function of PKM2 affected by activators and inhibitors have been proved and the correlated mechanism has been revealed. Giving the crucial role of immune metabolic reprogramming in the occurrence and development of inflammation, it is necessary to clarify the role of PKM2 in this progress. In this review, we will introduce the role of PKM2 in different immune cells and summarize the molecular mechanisms of PKM2 in immune metabolic reprogramming. We expect that this work will help researchers better understand the molecular mechanisms of PKM2,thereby promoting therapeutic strategies development in medical practice.