基于中西医临床病证特点的弥散性血管内凝血动物模型分析

Animal Model Analysis of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Based on the Characteristics of Clinical Diseases in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

本文基于弥散性血管内凝血,以中、西医病因病机、诊断标准为切入点,整理归纳弥散性血管内凝血动物模型的造模方法、原理及模型指标,进而评价其模型吻合度。分析对比发现,已有造模方法中内毒素、兔脑粉浸液、凝血酶、组织因子及高分子右旋糖苷诱导模型的西医吻合度较高(吻合度≥70%);兔脑粉浸液、病毒及复合因素诱导模型的中医吻合度较高(吻合度≥60%)。不难发现,在现有造模方法中兔脑粉浸液所诱导的弥散性血管内凝血动物模型所体现的中西医吻合度更高。但在现有动物模型中有一个最显著的问题,则是在造模方法中缺乏中医证候的动物模型分析,仅内毒素诱导模型体现了中医气滞血瘀模型特点。其他造模方法基于西医症状特点,多以外源性物质诱导,形式单一,无法全面反映DIC的发病过程。诊断标准中存在的易引起DIC的基础性疾病以及一些表观指标如头晕耳鸣、两目干涩在模型中也难以体现。因此本文指出造模过程中存在的问题,为后续完善DIC动物模型、改进造模方法单一且缺乏中医证候模型提供建议,以促进DIC的临床研究。

The present study analyzed the animal models of disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)based on related literature.Specifically,the modeling methods,principles,and model indicators of the DIC models in animals were summarized with the etiology,pathogenesis,and diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and western medicine as the starting point,and the fitting degree of the models was evaluated.The analysis and comparison showed that the models induced by endotoxin,rabbit brain powder infusion,thrombin,tissue factor,and polymer dextran had a high degree of fitting with western medicine(fitting degree≥70%),while the models induced by rabbit brain powder infusion,virus,and compound factor had a high degree of fitting with TCM(ftting degree≥60%).It was clear that in the existing modeling methods,the animal models of DIC induced by rabbit brain powder infusion had a higher degree of fitting with TCM and western medicine.However,the most outstanding problem in the existing animal models was the lack of animal models of TCM Zhenghou(i证候)induced by the existing methods.Only the endotoxin-induced model reflected the characteristics of Qizhixueyu(气滞血瘀)in TCM.Other modeling methods,based on the characteristics of western medicine symptoms,were mainly induced by exogenous substances and were single in the form,which failed in embodying the pathogenesis of DIC comprehensively.The primary diseases that were easy to cause DIC in the diagnostic criteria and some apparent indicators,such as dizziness,tinnitus,and dry eyes,were also difficult to be reflected in models.Therefore,this study pointed out the problems in the modeling and proposed suggestions for improving the DIC models in animals and solving the problems of the single modeling method and lack of models reflecting TCM Zhenghou,thereby promoting the clinical research on DIC.