论莫言小说对《金瓶梅》的吸纳与转化

On the Absorption and Transformation of the Golden Lotus in Mo Yan's Novels

莫言小说吸纳并扩大了《金瓶梅》的世情叙事经验;又对其进行了相应改写。莫言和《金瓶梅》之间有一些相通因素:两者所处时代共同的“物的依赖性”特征、共同的齐文化因素和朴实的生活观念、刚性生命型气质的契合。促使莫言对世情叙事作出改造的因素主要有:两者创作时代一为“物的依赖性”社会阶段,一为“人的依赖关系”社会阶段;地域文化上一以齐文化为主,一以鲁文化为主;创作个性上一为朴实、平民化,对婚恋态度理性、保守,一为精英化,认同晚明“人情以放荡为快,世风以侈靡相高”的风习。莫言对《金瓶梅》世情叙事经验的吸纳与转化是当代作家结合自身的时代、环境与文化以及创作个性对古代小说传统进行创造性转化的成功范例。

Mo Yan’s novels absorbed and expanded the narrative experience of the world in the Golden Lotus,which has also been rewritten accordingly.The dominant factors for such inheritance mainly include the common“material dependence”characteristics of the two times,the common Qi cultural factors and simple life concepts,and rigid life style temperament.The determining factors for such transformation are the two creative eras,one of which is the social stage of“material dependence”and the other is the social stage of“human dependence”.In terms of regional culture,one is dominated by Qi culture and the other by Lu culture.In terms of creative style,one is simple and public-oriented,with a rational and conservative attitude towards marriage and love,while the other is of an elitist attitude,and agrees with the late Ming dynasty’s trend of“people are fast with debauchery,and the world is high with extravagance”.Mo Yan’s absorption and transformation of the narrative experience of the Golden Lotus is a successful example of contemporary writers creatively transforming ancient novel traditions by combining their own era,regional culture,and creative personality.