西班牙文手稿阿戈特《广州商馆日记》所反映的清代中期中西贸易和广州十三行史料

Historical Materials about the Sino-Western Trade and the Thirteen Hongs of Canton in the Mid-Qing Period Reflected in the Spanish Manuscript“Agote's Canton Dairies”

1787—1796年间,西班牙巴斯克航海家曼努埃尔·德·阿戈特出任西班牙皇家菲律宾公司首位驻广州商馆主任,并留下了八本《广州商馆日记》手稿。这套日记不仅有助于研究者全面了解西班牙商人在广州的各个方面,其中记录的欧美各国公司历年进出口贸易数据,也反映了当时广州贸易的整体概况。更为关键的是,这些资料披露的一些独家信息,如广州十三行行商的破产与增减,粤海关监督发布的行商赤泰承充“澳行”的文告以及陈祖官与“洪任辉事件”等情报,对于了解清中期中西贸易的实际状况具有十分重要的文献价值和史料意义。

Manuel de Agote,the Basque navigator who served as the first chief supercargo of the Spanish Royal Philippine Company's Factory in Canton from 1787 to 1796,wrote eight"Diaries of the Canton Commerce"(manuscripts).These"Diaries"not only help researchers to fully understand various aspects of the Spanish merchants'activity in Canton,but also the import and export trade data of the European and American companies over the years,which reveal the overall general situation of trade in Canton at that time.More importantly,some exclusive information disclosed in the"Diaries",such as the increase or decrease in the number of Hong merchants,the legal notice issued by the Hoppo that provided the merchant Chite had assumed the Hong merchant of Macao,and the connection between Tanchokua and James Flint,which are scattered throughout the"Diaries",are very useful to our understanding of the Thirteen Hongs'trade and are of great historical value to our comprehensive understanding of Sino-Western trade in the mid-Qing period.