西宁都市圈移民搬迁型城乡融合对搬迁户生计韧性的影响路径

THE INFLUENCE PATH OF RESETTLEMENT-ORIENTED URBAN-RURAL INTEGRATION ON LIVELIHOOD RESILIENCE OF RELOCATED HOUSEHOLDS IN XINING METROPOLITAN AREA

移民搬迁型城乡融合是易地扶贫搬迁和城乡融合的有机契合,移民搬迁型城乡融合对搬迁户生计韧性的影响路径是城乡空间重构过程中的重要科学问题。本研究以搬迁户生计资本为中介变量,构建“移民搬迁型城乡融合→搬迁户生计资本→搬迁户生计韧性”分析框架。以西宁都市圈为研究靶区,采用结构方程模型分析移民搬迁型城乡融合对搬迁户生计韧性的影响路径。研究表明:(1)移民搬迁型城乡融合促进搬迁户的金融资本、社会资本、物质资本和人力资本增加,却导致搬迁户的自然资本减少;搬迁户的金融资本、社会资本、人力资本和物质资本促进搬迁户生计韧性增强,但搬迁户的自然资本却导致搬迁户生计韧性减弱。(2)搬迁户不同类型生计资本之间的相互作用强化了生计资本的中介效应。自然资本对金融资本具有正向作用;金融资本对社会资本和物质资本具有正向作用;社会资本对金融资本、人力资本和物质资本具有正向作用;人力资本对自然资本具有负向作用,对其他类型的生计资本均具有正向作用;物质资本对金融资本和社会资本具有正向作用。(3)移民搬迁型城乡融合通过改变搬迁户的自然资本、金融资本、社会资本、人力资本和物质资本,促进搬迁户生计韧性增强的路径系数分别为0.020、0.075、0.071、0.066和0.138。(4)增加搬迁户生计资本总量是提高搬迁户生计韧性的长远之计,优化搬迁户生计资本结构是提高搬迁户生计韧性的当务之急。

The resettlement-oriented urban-rural integration is an organic combination of poverty alleviation relocation and urban-rural integration.Taking the Xining Metropolitan Area as the target area,the influence path of resettlement-oriented urban-rural integration on livelihood resilience of relocated households is ana-lyzed by structural equation modeling.The research shows that:1)The resettlement-oriented urban-rural inte-gration can promote the increase of financial capital,social capital,physical capital and human capital of re-located households.2)The mediating effect of livelihood capital is strengthened by the interaction between different types of livelihood capitals.3)The path coefficients of resettlement-oriented urban-rural integration to enhance the livelihood resilience of relocated households are 0.020,0.075,0.071,0.066 and 0.138 respec-tively.4)Increasing the total amount of livelihood capital for relocated households is a long-term solution to improve their livelihood resilience.