T淋巴细胞亚群和中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值与脓毒症严重程度的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of T lymphocyte subsets and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio with the severity of sepsis

目的分析T淋巴细胞亚群、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)降钙素原(PCT)等炎症指标水平与脓毒症严重程度的相关性。方法采用前瞻性研究方法。选择2021年1月至2022年12月山东省淄博市中心医院重症医学科收治的78例脓毒症患者作为研究对象。将患者按病情严重程度分为脓毒性休克组(37例)和脓毒症组(41例),以同期40例本院健康体检者作为健康对照组。采用流式细胞仪测定3组受试者CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞(CD4^(+)T)和CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞(CD8^(+)T)计数水平,计算CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值(CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T)、NLR;采用电化学发光免疫分析法测定PCT、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平;采用免疫散射比浊法测定C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平,记录两组患者24h内急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEI),比较各组淋巴细胞亚群及各项炎症指标的差异;采用Pearson相关性分析法分析各项指标与APACHEI的相关性。结果脓毒性休克组、脓毒症组CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T、CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T均明显低于健康对照组[CD4^(+)T计数(×10^(6)L):168.27±76.68、266.08±131.57比789.60±173.78,CD8^(+)T计数(×10^(6)/L):156.50±68.37、205.81±75.60比636.42±90.59,CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T:1.09±0.39、1.27±0.34比1.44±0.38,均P<0.01],NLR、PCT、CRP及IL-6水平均明显高于健康对照组[NLR:25.85±11.62、15.94±8.72比2.68±1.31,PCT(μg/L):21.82±15.28、9.09±4.96比0.13±0.10,CRP(mg/L)158.65±62.33、106.97±51.49比6.48±2.08,IL-6(ng/L):1344.64±899.21、245.31±176.99比3.25±1.83,均P<0.01];脓毒性休克组APACHEⅡ评分明显高于脓毒症组(分:32.00±1.00比22.01±1.09,P<0.05)。相关性分析显示:脓毒症患者2组的CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T、CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T水平与APACHEⅡ评分水平均呈负相关(r值分别-0.571、-0.506、-0.555,均P<0.01),NLR、PCT、CRP及IL-6水平与APACHEⅡ评分均呈正相关(r值分别0.711、0.709、0.777、0.707,均P<0.01)。结论T淋巴细胞亚群水平越低,NLR及PCT等炎症指标水平越高,脓毒症病情越严重。因此,T淋巴细胞亚群及各项炎症指标水平可作为评估脓毒症病情严重程度的标志物。

Objective To analyze the correlation between T lymphocyte subsets,neutrophillymphocyte ratio(NLR),procalcitonin(PCT)and the severity of sepsis.Methods A prospective research method was adopted.A total of 78 sepsis patients admitted to the department of intensive care medicine of Zibo Central Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.Patients were divided into a septic shock group(37 cases)and a sepsis group(41 cases)based on the severity of their condition,with 40 healthy examinees from our hospital as the healthy control group.Using flow cytometry to measure the levels of CD4^(+)T lymphocytes count(CD4^(+)T)and CD8^(+)T lymphocytes count(CD8^(+)T)in three groups of subjects,calculate the CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T lymphocyte ratio(CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T)and NLR.The levels of PCT and interleukin-6(IL-6)were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay,and the levels of C-reactive protein(CRP)were measured using immunoassay turbidimetry.Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)score within 24 hours was recorded for the two groups of patients,and the dfferences in lymphocyte subsets and various inflammatory indicators were compared between the groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between various indicators and APACHE Ⅱ score.Results The CD4^(+)T,CD8^(+)T,and CD4 T/CD8^(+)T levels in the septic shock and sepsis groups were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group[CD4^(+)T(×10^(6)L):168.27±76.68,266.08±131.57 vs.789.60±173.78,CD8^(+)T(×10^(6)/L):156.50±68.37,205.81±75.60 vs.636.42±90.59,CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T:1.09±0.39,1.27±0.34 vs.1.44±0.38,all P<0.01],NLR,PCT,CRP and IL-6 were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group[NLR:25.85±11.62,15.94±8.72 vs.2.68±1.31,PCT(μg/L):21.82±15.28,9.09±4.96 vs.0.13±0.10,CRP(mg/L):158.65±62.33,106.97±51.49 vs.6.48±2.08,IL-6(ng/L):1344.64±899.21,245.31±176.99 vs.3.25±1.83,all P<0.01].The APACHE Ⅱ score in the septic shock group was significantly higher than that in the sepsis group(32.00±1.00 vs.22.01±1.09,P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the levels of CD4^(+)T,CD8^(+)T,CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T in two groups of sepsis patients were negatively correlated with the APACHE Ⅱ score(r values were-0.571,-0.506,and-0.555,respectively,all P<0.01),while the levels of NLR,PCT,CRP,and IL-6 were positively correlated with the APACHE Ⅱ score(r values were O.711,0.709,0.777,and 0.707,respectively,all P<0.01).Conclusions As the levels of T lymphocyte subsets decrease,inflammatory indicators like NLR and PCT rise,indicating a more severe sepsis condition.Therefore,T lymphocyte subsets and levels of various inflammatory indicators can serve as markers for evaluating the severity of sepsis.