从ChatGPT审视负责任创新:阻碍因素与转型方向

Looking at Responsible Innovation From ChatGPT:Impediments and Directions for Transformation

ChatGPT的勃兴再次激化了技术创新加速和社会适应水平滞后两者间的尖锐矛盾,使人类被迫面临前所未有的经济、政治、文化和环境风险,进而使有关负责任创新的呼声愈演愈烈。但作为技术伦理准则的负责任创新沿袭了熊彼特范式下基于竞争逻辑的创新,其设计的ARDR模型一方面从未在根本上调控创新较之于负责任的支配性优势,另一方面把负责任简化为线性流程,导致负责任看似获得与创新并列的地位,实则在创新蕴含的人际竞争、公司竞争、国际竞争面前屡屡沦为点缀。唯有在后熊彼特范式下依托基于共生逻辑的创新保卫负责任,才能建构起真正具备约束力的伦理准则,削弱不负责任创新赖以扩散的社会基础,使通过负责任停滞促成制度跟进变为可能。实现上述目标不仅要求各国完善内部治理,而且需要负责任的大国制定跨国人工智能治理框架,使人工智能的发展对全人类有益。

The rise of ChatGPT has rekindled the tension between the acceleration of technological innovation and the lagging-behind social adaptation,forcing humanity to face unprecedented economic,political,cultural,and environmental risks and intensifying calls for responsible innovation.However,responsible innovation as a code of technological ethics follows the Schumpeterian paradigm of innovation based on the logic of competition,and its design of the ARDR model,on the one hand,never fundamentally regulates the dominant advantage of innovation over responsibility,and on the other hand,reduces responsibility to a linear process,resulting in the seeming juxtaposition of responsibility with innovation,while in fact it is repeatedly reduced to a mere embellishment in the face of the interpersonal,corporate,and international competition that is embedded in innovation.Only by relying on the symbiotic logic of innovation in defense of responsibility under the post-Schumpeterian paradigm can we construct a truly binding ethical code that will weaken the social basis for the diffusion of irresponsible innovation and make it possible for responsible stagnation to lead to institutional follow-up.Realizing the above goals not only requires countries to improve their internal governance,but also requires responsible powers to develop transnational AI governance frameworks so that the development of Al will bebeneficial to all humankind.