城市内部创新空间集聚演化与环境要素对创新产出的影响——以深圳市为例

Evolution of Urban Innovation Space and Influencing of Innovation Environment Elements on Innovation Outputs:Evidence from Shenzhen

基于深圳市2005、2010、2015和2020年专利申请和兴趣点数据,从微观尺度上(1 km×1 km单元格)展示深圳市4个年份的创新空间演化特征,并通过对各年份的空间自回归泊松模型进一步考察了创新环境各要素对城市创新空间的影响及其变化。研究发现:(1)2005—2020年深圳市专利申请数量快速增长,创新产出呈现出空间不均衡现象,创新空间结构经历了从“龙岗—南山双核心”向“南山—福田双核心、轴带状”的演化过程。(2)在创新生产要素方面,产业园区扮演着最重要的角色,信息科技企业替代制造业企业成为创新驱动的核心力量;同时,高校/科研机构也正向显著影响着创新产出。(3)在创新生产要素空间位置选择的相关因素方面,区域交通枢纽、区位与交通可达性均显著影响创新空间;不同类型公共服务设施对创新产出的影响存在时间阶段差异。

Based on the data of patent application and POI,this study presents the evolution characteristics of innovation space in Shenzhen in four years from the micro-scale(1kmxIkm cells),and further investigates the influence of various elements of innovation environment on urban innovation space and their changes through the spatial autoregressive Poisson model in 2005-2020.The results show that:1)The number of patent applications has increased largely in Shenzhen.However,the innovation output presents the phenomenon of spatial imbalance.The innovation spatial structure has experienced the evolution process from"Longgang-Nanshan dual cores"to"Nanshan-Futian dual cores with belts".2)In terms of innovation production elements,industrial park plays a key role in innovation output,manufacturing enterprises have been replaced by information technology enterprises as the major players contributing innovation outputs in Shenzhen.Meanwhile,universities and scientific research institutes have also played a positive role.3)In terms of factors related to the spatial location selection of innovation production elements,regional transport facilities,location,and transport accessibility have significantly affected innovation outputs in Shenzhen.Different kinds of public service facilities have influenced innovation outputs differently in terms of time phase.