15岁-49岁住院育龄期妇女死亡相关因素分析

Analysis of Mortality-Related Factors in Hospitalized Women of Childbearing Age Aged 15-49 years

目的了解住院育龄期妇女病死率和死因变化规律,为医疗配置的决策和管理提供参考依据。方法对某院2013年1月1日-2022年12月31日483例15岁~49岁住院育龄期妇女年龄、婚姻情况、根本死因进行分析。结果10年间住院育龄期妇女共52515例,其中病亡483例,病死率为0.92%,随时间逐年呈下降趋势,病死率从2013年1.22%下降到2022年0.78%。已婚、离异、丧偶的住院育龄期妇女病死率(0.85%)低于未婚的住院育龄期妇女病死率(1.31%),前3位根本死因依次是肿瘤(36.65%)、循环系统疾病(16.77%)及疾病与死亡的外因(16.15%),各年龄段住院育龄期妇女病死率15岁~24岁为0.97%,25岁~34岁为0.77%,35岁~49岁为1.00%。结论住院育龄期妇女的根本死因主要为肿瘤、循环系统疾病及疾病与死亡的外因,应加强对育龄期妇女健康监测管理,联合社区多形式开展健康知识宣教及义诊活动,合理优化医疗救治资源配置。

Objectives This study aims to understand the changing patterns of mortality and causes of death among hospitalized women of childbearing age and provide a reference basis for decision-making and management of medical allocation.Methods From January 2013 to December 2022,483 women of childbearing age aged 15 to 49 years old in a hospital were studied in terms of age,marital status,and the underlying cause of death.Results There were 52,515 hospitalized women of childbearing age in a hospital in 10 years,and the mortality rate of hospitalized women of childbearing age was 0.92%,which showed a decreasing trend with time,from 1.22%in 2013 to 0.78%in 2022.The mortality rate of married,divorced,and widowed women of childbearing age(0.85%)was lower than that of unmarried women(1.31%).The top three causes of death were tumors(36.65%),circulatory diseases(16.77%),and external causes of disease and death(16.15%).The case fatality rate was 0.97%for women aged 15-24 years,0.77%for 25-34 years,and 1.00%for 35-49 years.Conclusions The underlying causes of death among hospitalized women of childbearing age are mainly tumors,circulatory system diseases,and external causes of disease and death.The health monitoring and management of women of childbearing age should be strengthened,health knowledge education and free diagnosis activities should be carried out jointly with communities,and the allocation of medical treatment resources should be rationally optimized.