江苏省主栽水稻品种抗赤霉病鉴定及毒素积累分析

Identification of Fusarium head blight resistance and analysis of toxin accumulation in major rice varieties in Jiangsu Province

为明确江苏省主栽水稻品种赤霉病抗性水平,2021—2022年采用人工接种结合田间自然发病情况对16个水稻品种进行赤霉病抗性鉴定,并分析了水稻籽粒中单端孢霉烯族化合物积累水平。结果表明:在人工接种条件下,9个水稻品种(4个粳稻和5个籼稻)连续两年对赤霉病达到中抗水平,籼稻品种对赤霉病抗性水平显著高于粳稻品种(P<0.05);在自然发病条件下,不同品种对赤霉病抗性水平不仅在年度间存在明显差异,也与人工接种鉴定结果存在较大差异,籼稻品种对赤霉病的抗性同样高于粳稻品种。籽粒中单端孢霉烯族化合物积累水平与病情指数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。本研究揭示了江苏省部分主栽水稻品种赤霉病抗性水平,为水稻赤霉病抗性鉴定评价、抗赤霉病水稻品种的培育和利用提供了科学依据。

In 2021 and 2022,the resistance level of 16 major rice varieties to Fusarium head blight(FHB)in Jiangsu Province was evaluated under artificial and natural infection conditions.Meanwhile,the accumulation level of trichothecenes,including nivalenol,deoxynivalenol,3-acetyldeoxynivalenol,15-acetyldeoxynivalenol,and fusarenone X,was also detected in these rice varieties.The results showed that 9 rice varieties,including 4 japonica varieties and 5 indica varieties,were moderately resistant to FHB under artificial infection conditions,and the resistance of different rice varieties to FHB in 2021 was consistent with that in 2022,with indica varieties showing significantly higher resistance to FHB than japonica varieties(P<0.05).However,under natural infection in the field,the resistance of different rice varieties to FHB was quite different between 2021 and 2022,and the result was also different from that obtained under artificial infection conditions.In addition,the resistance of indica rice varieties to FHB was also higher than that of japonica varieties.Moreover,the accumulation level of trichothecenes was different among various rice varieties,and there was a significantly positive correlation between trichothecene content and disease index(P<0.01).Our results reveal the resistance of main rice varieties to FHB in Jiangsu Province,making the basis for evaluation of resistance level of rice varieties against FHB and breeding and deployment of FHB-resistant rice varieties.