中国省域乡村旅游韧性的时空演变与驱动模式

Spatiotemporal evolution and driving patterns of rural tourism resilience in China

旅游发展加剧了乡村地域系统固有的脆弱性,使得乡村旅游业面临多重挑战。深入探究乡村旅游韧性的构成与演变规律尤为迫切。本文在探讨乡村旅游韧性内涵的基础上,构建涵盖敏感与脆弱性、抵抗与恢复力、调整与适应性、转型与创新力4个方面的综合评价指标体系,采用定量研究方法和空间分析方法,分析了2006—2021年中国省域乡村旅游韧性的时空演变及驱动模式。研究发现:(1)中国省域乡村旅游韧性整体呈增强趋势,但省域间差异仍然突出,存在明显的“胡焕庸线”特征;(2)乡村旅游韧性的动态变化具有一定的“路径锁定”效应,且乡村旅游韧性状态间的转移存在邻域效应;(3)受地区经济发展水平、市场规模、政府政策等因素相互作用的地区差异影响,乡村旅游韧性演进最终形成3种模式:东部为经济-市场双轮驱动模式,中部为市场-社区融合增长模式,西部为政策-市场协同发展模式。本研究揭示了乡村旅游韧性演化的复杂机制和不同模式,丰富了乡村旅游韧性研究的理论体系,为乡村旅游高质量发展和乡村全面振兴提供了政策建议和科学参考。

Tourism development has exacerbated the inherent vulnerability of rural territorial systems,which has led to multiple challenges for rural tourism.It is particularly urgent to explore the composition and evolution of rural tourism resilience.By exploring the connotation of rural tourism resilience,this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system covering four aspects,namely,sensitivity and vulnerability,resistance and recovery,adjustment and adaptability,transformation and innovation ability,and analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution and its driving patterns of rural tourism resilience at the provincial scale in China from 2006 to 2021 by using quantitative research methods and spatial analysis methods.The results show that:(1)The resilience of rural tourism at the provincial scale shows an overall trend of enhancement,but the differences between provinces remain prominent,and there is an obvious characteristic of"Hu Huanyong Line";(2)The dynamic change of rural tourism resilience has a certain"path locking"effect,and there is a neighborhood effect on the transfer of rural tourism resilience states.(3)Affected by regional differences in the interaction with economic development level,market size,government policies and other factors,the resilience evolution of rural tourism finally formed three modes:the eastern part is the double-wheeldriven mode of economy-market,the central part is integrated growth mode of marketcommunity,and the western part is the coordinated development mode of policy-market.This study reveals the complex mechanisms and different modes of the evolution of rural tourism resilience,enriches the theoretical system of rural tourism resilience,and provides policy suggestions and scientific references for the high-quality development of rural tourism and the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.