微流控芯片在尘肺研究中的应用前景

Application of microfluidic chips in the study of pneumoconiosis

尘肺病是一种严重危害人们身心健康的职业病,研究尘肺病的发病机制对尘肺的预防、诊断和治疗具有重要意义。然而,传统体内与体外研究方法存在诸多技术难题,无法重现体内三维肺组织与肺部物理和生物微环境,难以对其中的生理生化过程进行实时动态观察,制约着尘肺病理机制相关方面的研究。微流控芯片以其对细胞、粒子和溶液的时间与空间操控能力,为模拟肺部状态,重构其物理和生物微环境提供了新思路。本研究以粉尘粒子与肺的相互作用为出发点,综述了粉尘粒子在肺部的沉积特性及粉尘粒子对肺产生的生理生化变化,以及利用微流控芯片在粉尘粒子与尘肺相互作用方面的研究进展。

Pneumoconiosis is a serious occupational disease that threats human health in physical and mental.Studying its mechanism is of great significance in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of pneumoconiosis.However,there are many technical difficulties in the traditional in-vivo and in-vitro research methods,which are unable to reproduce the three-dimensional lung tissue and the physical and biological microenvironment of the lung in-vivo,and it is difficult to conduct real-time dynamic observation of the physiological and biochemical processes,which restricts the research on the pathological mechanism of pneumoconiosis.Microfluidic chips,with their ability to manipulate cells,particles and solutions in time and space,provide new ideas for simulating the state of the lungs and reconstructing their physical and biological microenvironment.Starting from the interaction between dust particles and the lungs,this article reviews the deposition characteristics of dust particles in the lungs,the physiological and biochemical changes caused by dust particles on the lungs,and the research progress in the interaction between dust particles and pneumoconiosis using microfluidic chips.