RTA中数字贸易规则对成员国增加值贸易的影响研究

The Impact of Digital Trade Rules in RTA on Value-Added Trade of Member Countries

区域贸易协定(RTA)数字贸易规则深化的经济效应是近年来的研究热点,但针对RTA数字贸易条款深度对全产业增加值贸易影响的研究还有待进一步丰富。文章根据RTA条款属性分类构建了涵盖数据相关条款深度、贸易促进条款深度、信息安全条款深度、组织运行条款深度和条款总深度指数5类数字贸易条款异质性深度指数,并基于2000~2014年所有RTA成员的增加值贸易数据,实证检验了RTA数字贸易规则深度对成员国增加值贸易的影响,并分析了数字贸易条款深度对不同类型RTA和不同行业增加值贸易的异质性效应。结果表明:(1)RTA数字贸易条款显著促进了协定成员间的全产业增加值贸易,其中以数据自由流动为核心的数据相关条款深度正向作用最为显著;(2)RTA数字贸易条款深度对“北-北”型和“南-南”型贸易协定成员间增加值贸易的促进作用要强于对“南-北”型协定的影响;(3)RTA数字贸易条款深度对制造业增加值贸易的积极作用要强于农业和服务业,RTA数字贸易条款深度对增加值贸易的影响存在明显的协定类型和产业异质性。文章提出,在RTA谈判中要深化数字贸易规则建设,加快构建数字贸易规则网络体系,积极促进制造业等传统产业的数字化转型,强化数字贸易基础建设和规则建设,增强数字经济治理能力,构建更高水平的对外开放新格局。

The economic effects of deepening digital trade rules in regional trade agreements(RTAs)have been a hot research topic in recent years.Still,research on the impact of the depth of digital trade provisions in RTAs on industry-wide value-added trade needs to be further enriched.Based on the attribute classification of RTA clauses,this article constructed five categories of digital trade clause heterogeneity depth index covering data-related clause depth,trade promotion clause depth,information security clause depth,organizational operation clause depth and total clause depth index,and based on the value-added trade data(2000~2014)of all RTA members in 2019 was used to empirically test the impact of the depth of RTA digital trade rules on member countries'value-added trade,and analyze the heterogeneous effect of the depth of digital trade terms on value-added trade in different types of RTA and different industries.The results show that:(1)RTA digital trade clauses have significantly promoted industry-wide value-added trade among agreement members,among which the data-related clauses with the free flow of data as the core have the most significant positive effect;(2)RTA digital trade clauses Depth has a more substantial effect on promoting value-added trade among members of"North-North"and"South-South"type trade agreements than on"South-North"type agreements;(3)The depth of RTA digital trade provisions increases the impact on manufacturing The positive effect of value-added trade is more potent than that of agriculture and services.The impact of the depth of RTA digital trade provisions on value-added trade has prominent agreement type and industry heterogeneity.This article proposes that during RTA negotiations,we should deepen the construction of digital trade rules,accelerate the construction of a network system of digital trade rules,actively promote the digital transformation of traditional industries such as manufacturing,strengthen the construction of digital trade infrastructure and regulations,enhance digital economic governance capabilities,and build a better A new pattern of high-level opening up to the outside world.