区域数字贸易规则与出口产品质量:基于中间服务进口投入影响的视角

Regional Digital Trade Rules and Export Product Quality:Perspectives on the Impact of Imports and Inputs of Intermediate Services

文章使用HS6位产品层面贸易数据,对1995~2019年全球221个经济体的出口产品质量进行测算,并基于TAPED数据库对全球370个区域贸易协定的数字贸易规则深度进行量化,实证检验区域数字贸易规则签署对国家出口产品质量升级的影响。结果表明,区域数字贸易规则中的数字便利化条款和数字知识产权条款能显著促进国家出口产品质量升级,而数字隐私保护条款则带来抑制作用。该结论在增加控制变量、加入固定效应以及采用泊松伪极大似然估计等稳健性检验后仍然成立。机制检验结果表明,一国签署高标准数字便利化和数字知识产权条款能够有效促进该国中间服务进口及投入,进而促进出口产品质量升级。

Based on the HS 6-digit product-level trade data,the paper measures the quality of export products of 221 economies around the world from 1995~2018,and quantifies the depth of digital trade rules in 370 regional trade agreements around the world based on the TAPED to empirically test the effect of signing regional digital trade rules on the upgrading of the quality of national export products.The results show that the digital facilitation and intellectual property rights provisions in regional digital trade rules can significantly promote the upgrading of a country's export product quality,while the privacy protection provisions bring a dampening effect,and this conclusion stil holds after a series of robustness tests such as adding control variables,incorporating fixed effects,and adopting PPML estimation.The results of the mechanism test indicate that a country's signing of regional highstandard digital facilitation and intellectual property rights clauses can effectively promote the country's imports and inputs of intermediate services,which in turn promotes the upgrading of the quality of its export products.