博物馆公众考古实践之考古类展览研究——基于“积厚流广国家博物馆考古成果展”的思考

Research on Archaeological Exhibition as a Practice of Public Archaeology in Museums:A Review of“Profound Accumulation,Far-reaching Influence:Archaeological Achievements of the National Museum of China”

考古类展览是博物馆普及考古知识、推介最新考古成果的形式之一,也是公众考古实践活动重要的一环。本文以“积厚流广——国家博物馆考古成果展”为例,结合该展览的调查问卷结果,同时参考了近年各地举办的考古类展览,认为目前考古类展览要促进考古学知识向观众的转化,需处理好科普性与学术性的平衡关系、真实性与艺术性之间的对立统一关系。从公众考古科普的角度来看,目前大部分考古类展览存在观众与展览联系不紧密、文物内涵发掘不足、宣传不到位等问题,为较大化发挥考古类展览在传播考古知识方面的作用,可以从注重展览的单向输出和互动体验、提高考古类展览的公众服务能力几方面做出努力,增强展览的社会影响力和公众认可度,实现考古成果惠及民众。

As a means of disseminating archaeological knowledge and showcasing the latest achievements,archaeological exhibitions play a crucial role in public engagement with archaeological practices.This article takes the"Profound Accumulation,Far-reaching Influence:Archaeological Achievements of the National Museum of China"as an example,combines questionnaire results of this exhibition and archaeological exhibitions held in various locations in recent years.It argues that current archaeological exhibitions need to strike a balance between academia and the public,as well as reconcile the juxtaposition of authenticity and artistic representation in order to facilitate the transmission of archaeological knowledge to the audience.From the perspective of public archaeology education,in many archaeological exhibitions problems exist in the following areas:a lack of close connection between the audience and the exhibition,insufficient interpretation of the cultural significance of relics,and inadequate promotion,In order to maximize the impact of archaeological exhibitions in disseminating archaeological knowledge,efforts can be made in several aspects.Firstly,emphasis should be placed on both unidirectional information dissemination and interactive experiences within the exhibition.Secondly,the public service capabilities of archaeological exhibitions should be enhanced.By doing so,the social influence and public recognition of the exhibitions can be strengthened,ultimately benefiting the general public by making archaeological achievements more accessible.