基于随机森林模型分析共情心理对大学生心理健康的影响

Effect of empathy on mental health in college students based on random forest model

目的运用随机森林算法分析共情心理对大学生心理健康的影响。方法采取方便抽样的方法,以问卷调查的方式于2022年8月对河北省某大学的1383名学生进行在线调查,内容包括调查对象一般情况以及基本共情量表和症状自评量表。使用最小二乘法回归模型分析共情心理是否为大学生心理健康的影响因素,构建随机森林模型分析共情心理对大学生心理健康的重要性。结果共回收问卷1383份,有效问卷1348份,问卷有效率为97.5%。回归模型结果表明,共情心理对大学生心理健康水平的影响具有统计学意义(t=-2.051,P<0.05)。随机森林模型的结果显示,大学生心理健康重要性排名前3位的解释变量分别为共情心理、睡眠质量以及学业压力。结论共情心理是影响大学生心理健康的重要因素。建议合理开展提升共情心理能力的活动,关心学生的睡眠时长,适当减轻学生的学业压力。

Objective To analyze the impact of empathy on mental health among college students by using random forest model.Methods A convenience sampling method was adopted to conduct an online questionnaire survey among 1383 students in August 2022 in a university in Hebei Province.The questionnaire included the general situation,basic empathy scale and symptom check list.Least squares regression model was used to analyze association between empathy and mental health,and a random forest model was constructed to analyze the importance of empathy on mental health.Results A total of 1383 questionnaires were returned and 1348 of them was valid questionnaires,and the validity rate of the questionnaires was 97.5%.The results of the regression model showed that the influence of empathy psychology on mental health level of college students was statistically significant(t=-2.051,P<0.05).The results of random forest model showed that the top 3 explanatory variables for the importance of college students'mental health were empathy,sleep quality,and academic stress.Conclusion Empathy is an important factor associated with mental health of college students.It is recommended to carry out activities for improving the ability of empathic psychology,to care about students'sleep duration,and to reduce students'academic pressure appropriately.