基于扎根理论的老年人健康养老需求调查研究

A study on health care needs of the elderly based on grounded theory

目的调查中国四川省老年人健康养老需求,为养老政策制定提供参考依据。方法于2022年7-8月在四川省选取42名老年人进行半结构化访谈,基于质性研究中的扎根理论,运用NVivo 12软件对访谈材料进行编码分析。结果参与调查老年人共42名,对访谈资料进行分析和编码,最终得出68个初始概念、26个范畴,10个主范畴和4个核心范畴,据此建立了老年人健康养老需求模型。老年人健康养老需求模型包括生存型需求、享乐型需求、发展型需求和经济支持4个维度。结论四川省老年人健康养老需求更加多样,主要包括生存型需求、享乐型需求、发展型需求和经济支持。在需求变化的过程中,社会的应对策略也应做出及时的调整和布局,充分保障此类需求的有效供给,最大限度满足老年人的实际需求。

Objective To sort out the needs of health care of the elderly in Sichuan Province,in order to provide a reference basis for the formulation of elderly care policies.Methods From July to August in 2022,a total of 42 older adults were selected for semi-structured interviews in Sichuan Province and the interviews were coded and analyzed by using NVivol2 software based on the grounded theory in qualitative research.Results A total of 42 older adults participated the contents of interviews were analyzed and coded.68 initial concepts,26 categories,10 main categories and 4 core categories were finally derived,and a model of health care needs of the elderly was established.The model of health care needs included 4 dimensions,such as survival needs,hedonic needs,developmental needs and economic support.Conclusion The health care needs of the elderly in Sichuan province were becoming diversity mainly including survival needs,hedonic needs,developmental.In the process of changing needs,social coping strategies should also make timely adjustments and layouts to fully guarantee the effective supply for health care needs of the elderly.