基于价值当量因子法的山岳型旅游区生态系统服务价值评估——以山东泰山为例

Evaluation of Ecosystem Service Value in Mountainous Tourism Areas Based on Value Equivalent Factor Methods:A Case Study of Mount Tai in Shandong Province

土地利用/覆被变化是影响生态系统服务价值变化的重要方式,对于维持生态系统服务功能具有重要作用。泰山是著名的山岳型旅游区,保障区域生态系统服务功能是促进旅游发展的重要手段。以泰山地区为研究对象,首先运用GIS和遥感技术,划分不同的土地利用/覆被类型;其次,选取2000、2005、2010、2015、2020年的土地利用/覆被资料,借鉴改进的生态服务价值评估方法,分析20年来泰山地区土地利用/覆被变化对生态系统服务价值的影响;最后,探讨生态系统服务价值对系数变动的敏感性。结果表明:(1)2000-2020年,泰山地区耕地、林地、草地面积高于97%,水域和未利用地面积低于3%;在这期间,耕地面积减少了12289.95 hm^(2),林地、草地分别减少了1279.92 hm^(2)、926.1 hm^(2),水域面积增加了232.56 hm^(2);(2)近20年间,泰山地区生态服务价值从2000年的19.67×10^(8)元增加到2020年的23.12×10^(8)元,增幅为17.56%;(3)不同年份泰山地区生态系统服务价值敏感性指数均在0.30以下,ESV对指数变动响应不显著,故所选取的指数合理可信。

Changes of land use/cover,which is significant to ecosystem service value,plays an important role in maintaining ecosystem service function.As famous mountain tourism area,safeguarding ecosystem services of Mount Tai is important for the development of tourism.This paper takes the area of Mount Tai as the research object.Firstly,different land use/cover types were divided by GIS and remote sensing technology.Secondly,based on the land use/cover data of 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020,and due to the improved assessment methods of ecological service value,impacts of land use changes on ecosystem service value in area of Mount Tai in the past 20 years were analyzed.Thirdly,sensitivity of ecosystem service value to coefficient variation was discussed.The results are as follows.①From 2000 to 2020,total area of arable land,forestland and grassland in the area of Mount Tai accounted for more than 97%,while the area of water and unused land was less than 3%;During the period,area of arable land decreased by 12289.95 square hectometers,and area of forest land and the grassland decreased by 1279.92 square hectometers and 926.1 square hectometers respectively,while the water area increased by 232.56 square hectometers.②In the past 20 years,ecological service value in the area of Mount Tai increased from 19.67×10^(8)yuan to 23.12×10^(8)yuan,with an increase amplitude by 17.56%.③Sensitivity indexes of ecosystem service value in area of Mount Tai were all below 0.30 in different years,that shows the response of ESV to changes of the indexes were not significant,so the selected indexes was reasonable and reliable.