黄海冷水团低温中心季节与年际变化特征研究综述

Review on seasonal and interannual variation characteristics of low temperature centerin the Yellow Sea cold water mass

黄海冷水团是中国陆架浅海上一个极为突出且重要的海洋现象,在深海渔业养殖等方面发挥着重要作用。黄海冷水团以低温为主要特征,其低温中心的位置变化和温盐性质对深入认知该区域的海洋环境变化具有重要意义。基于历史观测数据和研究结果,本文系统回顾了黄海冷水团的季节变化特征,重点分析了黄海冷水团低温中心的年际变化特征。北黄海冷水团多年的主要特征为低温中心位置的变化幅度较小,整体稍向北偏移;南黄海两个低温中心位置的变动范围较大些,西侧整体向西偏移,东侧整体向南偏移;北黄海和南黄海西侧冷水团低温中心的水温呈上升趋势,东侧低温中心的水温呈下降趋势;北黄海冷水团盐度呈略微下降趋势,南黄海冷水团盐度呈显著的下降趋势。最后,通过梳理现有研究中存在的争议与不足,指出进一步深入研究低温中心变化特征的必要性,以此延展出对黄海冷水团研究的展望。文章将为系统研究黄海冷水团的变化规律,深入了解和预测冷水团海域海洋环境的变化提供参考。

Yellow Sea cold water mass is a prominent and significant marine phenomenon in the shallow sea of China’s continental shelf,playing a crucial role in deep-sea fisheries and aquaculture.Low temperature is the main characteristic of Yellow Sea cold water mass.The change of the spatial variations and the properties of temperature and salinity of the low-temperature center are great importance for further understanding the marine environmental variability in this region.Based on the historical observation data and research findings,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the seasonal variation characteristics;with a particular focus on the interannual variation of the low-temperature centerin the Yellow Sea cold water mass. The main characteristics of the interannual variation are as follows: thelow-temperature center in the northern Yellow Sea exhibits a relatively small range of variation, with aslight northward shift overall;the two low-temperature centers in the southern Yellow Sea show largevariations, with the western center shifting westward and the eastern center shifting southward;thetemperature of the low-temperature center in the northern Yellow Sea and the western parts of southernYellow Sea has been increasing, while the temperature of the eastern low-temperature center has beendecreasing;the salinity of the northern Yellow Sea cold water mass has shown a slight decreasing trend,while the salinity of the southern Yellow Sea cold water mass shows a significant decreasing trend isobserved. Finally, by addressing the existing controversies and limitations in current research, thenecessity of further investigating the variation characteristics of the low-temperature center is emphasized,leading to the future prospect for the Yellow Sea cold water mass research. This paper provides a referencefor the systematic study of the variation law of the Yellow Sea cold water mass, gaining the in-depthunderstanding and prediction of the marine environment change in the cold water mass region.