山东省某高校大学生艾滋病检测意愿及影响因素分析

Intention to AIDS testing and its influencing factors among students from a university in Shandong Province

目的 了解山东省某高校大学生HIV主动检测艾滋病的意愿及其影响因素,发现可能存在的问题,为进一步制定促进大学生HIV主动检测策略提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2022年3—5月在山东省潍坊市某高校抽取调查对象共670名,利用自行设计的问卷对在校大学生艾滋病主动检测意愿及影响因素开展调查。结果 共发放问卷670份,回收有效问卷666份,问卷有效率为99.40%。被调查大学生中有56.31%(375/666)报告有HIV检测意愿,在不同性别(χ^(2)=10.543,P=0.001)、有无性行为经历(χ^(2)=57.280,P<0.001)等因素上差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示性别为女性(OR=2.932,95%CI:1.803~4.770)、医学专业(OR=5.562,95%CI:3.491~8.860)、有性行为经历(OR=3.547,95%CI:2.160~5.824)、基础知识认知情况优秀(OR=2.751,95%CI:1.257~6.021)、对艾滋病人接纳程度中(OR=12.195,95%CI:6.211~23.810)或高(OR=3.597,95%CI:1.764~7.299)、高危性行为阻断能力优秀(OR=7.756,95%CI:4.464~12.821)的大学生HIV检测意愿更强。结论 该校大学生艾滋病检测意愿不高,高校应结合学生特性开展有针对性的艾滋病知识讲座,加强艾滋病宣传教育,改善大学生对艾滋病基础知识的认知水平、对艾滋病患者的接纳程度及高危性行为阻断能力,进一步提高大学生HIV主动检测率。

Objective To understand the willingness to actively test for HIV and its influencing factors among students from a certain university in Shandong Province,and to find out the possible existing problems so as to provide a scientific basis for further developing strategies to promote the active testing for HIV in college students.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a total of 670 survey subjects from a certain university in Weifang City,Shandong Province from March to May 2022,and a self-designed questionnaire was employed to investigate the willingness of college students to actively detect AIDS and its influencing factors.Results A total of 670 questionnaires were sent out,and 666 valid questionnaires were retrieved,with the effective questionnaire rate being 99.40%.Among the college students surveyed,56.31%(375/666)reported that they were willing to receive HIV test,showing statistically significant differences in the factors like different genders(χ^(2)=10.543,P=0.001)and having&having no sexual behavior experience(χ^(2)=57.280,P<0.001).Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that female college students(OR=2.932,95%CI:1.803-4.770),students with medical specialty(OR=5.562,95%CI:3.491-8.860),and studentshaving sexual behavior experience(OR=3.547,95%CI:2.160-5.824),having excellent cognition of basic knowledge(OR=2.751,95%CI:1.257-6.021),having moderate(OR=12.195,95%CI:6.211-23.810)or high(OR=3.597,95%CI:1.764-7.299)degree of acceptance toward AIDS patients and having excellent ability in blocking high-risk sexual behavior(OR=7.756,95%CI:4.464-12.821)were more prone to receive HIV testing.Conclusion The college students’willingness to test for AIDS is not high.Universities should carry out targeted lectures on AIDS knowledge based on the students’characteristics,strengthen AIDS publicity and education,improve the college students’cognition level of basic knowledge about AIDS,degree of acceptance toward AIDS patients and ability in blocking high-risk sexual behavior so as to further increase the active detection rate of HIV in college students.